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Afonso E, Germain E, Poulle ML, et al. Environmental determinants of spatial and temporal variations in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in its definitive hosts. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2013;2:278-85doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2013.09.006.
Afonso, E., Germain, E., Poulle, M. L., Ruette, S., Devillard, S., Say, L., Villena, I., Aubert, D., & Gilot-Fromont, E. (2013). Environmental determinants of spatial and temporal variations in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in its definitive hosts. International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife, 2278-85. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2013.09.006
Afonso, Eve, et al. "Environmental determinants of spatial and temporal variations in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in its definitive hosts." International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife vol. 2 (2013): 278-85. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2013.09.006
Afonso E, Germain E, Poulle ML, Ruette S, Devillard S, Say L, Villena I, Aubert D, Gilot-Fromont E. Environmental determinants of spatial and temporal variations in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in its definitive hosts. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2013 Sep 23;2:278-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2013.09.006. eCollection 2013 Dec. PMID: 24533347; PMCID: PMC3862504.
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Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl. 2013 Sep 23;2:278-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2013.09.006. eCollection 2013 Dec.

Environmental determinants of spatial and temporal variations in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii in its definitive hosts.

International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife

Eve Afonso, Estelle Germain, Marie-Lazarine Poulle, Sandrine Ruette, Sébastien Devillard, Ludovic Say, Isabelle Villena, Dominique Aubert, Emmanuelle Gilot-Fromont

Affiliations

  1. Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558, 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
  2. CROC, Carnivores Recherche Observation Communication, 57590 Fonteny, France.
  3. Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Médecine, SFR CAP-Santé, EA3800, 51 rue Cognacq Jay, 51095 Reims Cedex, France ; Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Centre de Recherche et de Formation en Eco-éthologie, 08240 Boult-aux-Bois, France.
  4. Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, CNERA PAD, Montfort, 01330 Birieux, France.
  5. Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UFR Médecine, SFR CAP-Santé, EA3800, 51 rue Cognacq Jay, 51095 Reims Cedex, France.
  6. Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive UMR 5558, 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France ; Université de Lyon, VetAgro-sup, Département de Santé Publique Vétérinaire, 1 avenue Bourgelat, 69280 Marcy l'Etoile, France.

PMID: 24533347 PMCID: PMC3862504 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2013.09.006

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is a major zoonosis, and its prevention requires multiple approaches due to the complex life-cycle of its causative agent, Toxoplasma gondii. Environmental contamination by oocysts is a key factor in the transmission of T. gondii to both humans and meat-producing animals; however, its spatial and temporal variations are poorly understood. We analysed the distribution of T. gondii seropositivity in a sample of 210 cats, including the European wildcat (Felis silvestris silvestris), the domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus) and their hybrids that were collected in Central and Eastern France between 1996 and 2006. We searched for spatial variability among communes and temporal variations among years to relate this variability to landscape and meteorological conditions, which can affect the population dynamics of rodent hosts and the survival of oocysts. The overall seroprevalence was 65.2% (95% CI: 58.6-71.4). As expected, adults were more often infected than young individuals, while the occurrence of infection was not related to cat genotypes. Seroprevalence correlated significantly with farm density and the North-Atlantic Oscillation index, which describes temporal variations of meteorological conditions at the continental scale. The highest seroprevalence values were obtained in areas with high farm densities and during years with cool and moist winters. These results suggest that both farming areas and years with cool and wet winters are associated with increased T. gondii seroprevalence in cats. As cat infection determines the environmental contamination by oocysts, climate and landscape characteristics should be taken into account to improve the risk analysis and prevention of T. gondii.

Keywords: Farm density; Felis catus; Felis silvestris; Meteorological variations; North-Atlantic Oscillation index; Toxoplasmosis

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