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Astrophys J. 2000 Apr 20;533(2):L163-L166. doi: 10.1086/312623.

Deeply Penetrating Banded Zonal Flows in the Solar Convection Zone.

The Astrophysical journal

Howe, Christensen-Dalsgaard, Hill, Komm, Larsen, Schou, Thompson, Toomre

PMID: 10770715 DOI: 10.1086/312623

Abstract

Helioseismic observations have detected small temporal variations of the rotation rate below the solar surface that correspond to the so-called "torsional oscillations" known from Doppler measurements of the surface. These appear as bands of slower- and faster-than-average rotation moving equatorward. Here we establish, using complementary helioseismic observations over 4 yr from the GONG network and from the MDI instrument on board SOHO, that the banded flows are not merely a near-surface phenomenon: rather, they extend downward at least 60 Mm (some 8% of the total solar radius) and thus are evident over a significant fraction of the nearly 200 Mm depth of the solar convection zone.

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