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Dequand S, Willems JF, Leroux M, et al. Simplified models of flue instruments: influence of mouth geometry on the sound source. J Acoust Soc Am. 2003;113(3):1724-35doi: 10.1121/1.1543929.
Dequand, S., Willems, J. F., Leroux, M., Vullings, R., van Weert, M., Thieulot, C., & Hirschberg, A. (2003). Simplified models of flue instruments: influence of mouth geometry on the sound source. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 113(3), 1724-35. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1543929
Dequand, S, et al. "Simplified models of flue instruments: influence of mouth geometry on the sound source." The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America vol. 113,3 (2003): 1724-35. doi: https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1543929
Dequand S, Willems JF, Leroux M, Vullings R, van Weert M, Thieulot C, Hirschberg A. Simplified models of flue instruments: influence of mouth geometry on the sound source. J Acoust Soc Am. 2003 Mar;113(3):1724-35. doi: 10.1121/1.1543929. PMID: 12656404.
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J Acoust Soc Am. 2003 Mar;113(3):1724-35. doi: 10.1121/1.1543929.

Simplified models of flue instruments: influence of mouth geometry on the sound source.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

S Dequand, J F H Willems, M Leroux, R Vullings, M van Weert, C Thieulot, A Hirschberg

Affiliations

  1. Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Postbus 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.

PMID: 12656404 DOI: 10.1121/1.1543929

Abstract

Flue instruments such as the recorder flute and the transverse flute have different mouth geometries and acoustical response. The effect of the mouth geometry is studied by considering the aeroacoustical response of a simple whistle. The labium of a transverse flute has a large edge angle (60 degrees) compared to that of a recorder flute (15 degrees). Furthermore, the ratio W/h of the mouth width W to the jet thickness h can be varied in the transverse flute (lips of the musician) while it is fixed to a value W/h approximately 4 in a recorder flute. A systematic experimental study of the steady oscillation behavior has been carried out. Results of acoustical pressure measurements and flow visualization are presented. The sharp edge of the recorder provides a sound source which is rich in harmonics at the cost of stability. The larger angle of the labium of the flute seems to be motivated by a better stability of the oscillations for thick jets but could also be motivated by a reduction of broadband turbulence noise. We propose two simplified sound source models which could be used for sound synthesis: a jet-drive model for W/h>2 and a discrete-vortex model for W/h<2.

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