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Lohse D, Rauhé R, Bergmann R, et al. Granular physics: creating a dry variety of quicksand. Nature. 2004;432(7018):689-90doi: 10.1038/432689a.
Lohse, D., Rauhé, R., Bergmann, R., & van der Meer, D. (2004). Granular physics: creating a dry variety of quicksand. Nature, 432(7018), 689-90. https://doi.org/10.1038/432689a
Lohse, Detlef, et al. "Granular physics: creating a dry variety of quicksand." Nature vol. 432,7018 (2004): 689-90. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/432689a
Lohse D, Rauhé R, Bergmann R, van der Meer D. Granular physics: creating a dry variety of quicksand. Nature. 2004 Dec 09;432(7018):689-90. doi: 10.1038/432689a. PMID: 15592401.
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Nature. 2004 Dec 09;432(7018):689-90. doi: 10.1038/432689a.

Granular physics: creating a dry variety of quicksand.

Nature

Detlef Lohse, Remco Rauhé, Raymond Bergmann, Devaraj van der Meer

Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science and J.M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands. [email protected]

PMID: 15592401 DOI: 10.1038/432689a

Abstract

Sand can normally support a weight by relying on internal force chains. Here we weaken this force-chain structure in very fine sand by allowing air to flow through it: we find that the sand can then no longer support weight, even when the air is turned off and the bed has settled--a ball sinks into the sand to a depth of about five diameters. The final depth of the ball scales linearly with its mass and, above a threshold mass, a jet is formed that shoots sand violently into the air.

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