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Avery B, Madison V, Greve T. Sex and development in bovine in-vitro fertilized embryos. Theriogenology. 1991;35(5):953-63doi: 10.1016/0093-691x(91)90306-x.
Avery, B., Madison, V., & Greve, T. (1991). Sex and development in bovine in-vitro fertilized embryos. Theriogenology, 35(5), 953-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691x(91)90306-x
Avery, B, et al. "Sex and development in bovine in-vitro fertilized embryos." Theriogenology vol. 35,5 (1991): 953-63. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0093-691x(91)90306-x
Avery B, Madison V, Greve T. Sex and development in bovine in-vitro fertilized embryos. Theriogenology. 1991 May;35(5):953-63. doi: 10.1016/0093-691x(91)90306-x. PMID: 16726963.
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Theriogenology. 1991 May;35(5):953-63. doi: 10.1016/0093-691x(91)90306-x.

Sex and development in bovine in-vitro fertilized embryos.

Theriogenology

B Avery, V Madison, T Greve

Affiliations

  1. Department of Reproduction, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 13 Bülowsvej, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.

PMID: 16726963 DOI: 10.1016/0093-691x(91)90306-x

Abstract

In vitro fertilized bovine embryos were karyotyped at Day 7 and Day 8 post insemination. The results showed that the percentage of males (sex ratio) was dependent on the developmental stage. Among expanded blastocysts (the most advanced embryos), the sex ratio was 100%, followed by 89% for expanding blastocysts, 75% for blastocysts, and 40% for young blastocysts, all analyzed at Day 7. For embryos karyotyped at Day 8, the sex ratio was 20%. The average mitotic index for all in vitro fertilized embryos was 3.5%. These results suggest that the apparent relationship between sex and developmental rate could be used as a method for noninvasive sexing of in vitro fertilized embryos.

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