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Brawer MK. Radiation therapy failure in prostate cancer patients: risk factors and methods of detection. Rev Urol. 2002;4:S2-S11
Brawer, M. K. (2002). Radiation therapy failure in prostate cancer patients: risk factors and methods of detection. Reviews in urology, 4S2-S11.
Brawer, Michael K. "Radiation therapy failure in prostate cancer patients: risk factors and methods of detection." Reviews in urology vol. 4 (2002): S2-S11.
Brawer MK. Radiation therapy failure in prostate cancer patients: risk factors and methods of detection. Rev Urol. 2002;4:S2-S11. PMID: 16986008; PMCID: PMC1477545.
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Rev Urol. 2002;4:S2-S11.

Radiation therapy failure in prostate cancer patients: risk factors and methods of detection.

Reviews in urology

Michael K Brawer

PMID: 16986008 PMCID: PMC1477545

Abstract

Radiation therapy for clinically localized prostatic carcinoma remains one of the mainstays among therapeutic approaches; however, patients continue to fail radiation therapy at too high a rate. This article reviews the risk factors and methods of detection for prostate cancer recurrence. The relative merits of the three major pre-therapy prognostic indicators-TNM staging, Gleason score, and serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels-are discussed. The use of staging and Gleason score, as well as digital rectal examination, transrectal ultrasound, and post-radiation prostate biopsies in detecting failure of radiation therapy is reviewed. Challenges relating to the use of serum PSA levels as an indicator of recurrence are examined. Finally, this article makes recommendations as to procedure for evaluating patients suspected of failing radiation therapy.

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