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Wendelken SM, McGrath SP, Akay M, et al. Using a forehead reflectance pulse oximeter to detect changes in sympathetic tone. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2004;2006:325-8doi: 10.1109/IEMBS.2004.1403158.
Wendelken, S. M., McGrath, S. P., Akay, M., & Blike, G. T. (2004). Using a forehead reflectance pulse oximeter to detect changes in sympathetic tone. Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference, 2006325-8. https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2004.1403158
Wendelken, Suzanne M, et al. "Using a forehead reflectance pulse oximeter to detect changes in sympathetic tone." Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference vol. 2006 (2004): 325-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/IEMBS.2004.1403158
Wendelken SM, McGrath SP, Akay M, Blike GT. Using a forehead reflectance pulse oximeter to detect changes in sympathetic tone. Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2004;2006:325-8. doi: 10.1109/IEMBS.2004.1403158. PMID: 17271676.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc. 2004;2006:325-8. doi: 10.1109/IEMBS.2004.1403158.

Using a forehead reflectance pulse oximeter to detect changes in sympathetic tone.

Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference

Suzanne M Wendelken, Susan P McGrath, Metin Akay, George T Blike

Affiliations

  1. Thayer Sch. of Eng., Dartmouth Coll., Hanover, NH, USA.

PMID: 17271676 DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2004.1403158

Abstract

The extreme conditions of combat and multi-casualty rescue often make field triage difficult and put the medic or first responder at risk. In an effort to improve field triage, we have developed an automated remote triage system called ARTEMIS (automated remote triage and emergency management information system) for use in the battlefield or disaster zone. Common to field injuries is a sudden change in arterial pressure resulting from massive blood loss or shock. In effort to stabilize the arterial pressure, the sympathetic system is strongly activated and sympathetic tone is increased. This preliminary research seeks to empirically demonstrate that a forehead reflectance pulse oximeter is a viable sensor for detecting sudden changes in sympathetic tone. We performed the classic supine-standing experiment and collected the raw waveform, the photoplethysmogram (PPG), continuously using a forehead reflectance pulse oximeter. The resulting waveform was processed in Matlab using various spectral analysis techniques (FFT and AR). Our preliminary results show that a relative ratio analysis (low frequency power/high frequency power) for both the raw PPG signal and its derived pulse statistics (height, beat-to-beat interval) is a useful technique for detecting change in sympathetic tone resulting from positional change.

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