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Gardner MJ, Demetrakopoulos D, Shindle MK, et al. Osteoporosis and skeletal fractures. HSS J. 2006;2(1):62-9doi: 10.1007/s11420-005-0137-8.
Gardner, M. J., Demetrakopoulos, D., Shindle, M. K., Griffith, M. H., & Lane, J. M. (2006). Osteoporosis and skeletal fractures. HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery, 2(1), 62-9. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11420-005-0137-8
Gardner, Michael J, et al. "Osteoporosis and skeletal fractures." HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery vol. 2,1 (2006): 62-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11420-005-0137-8
Gardner MJ, Demetrakopoulos D, Shindle MK, Griffith MH, Lane JM. Osteoporosis and skeletal fractures. HSS J. 2006 Feb;2(1):62-9. doi: 10.1007/s11420-005-0137-8. PMID: 18751849; PMCID: PMC2504115.
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HSS J. 2006 Feb;2(1):62-9. doi: 10.1007/s11420-005-0137-8.

Osteoporosis and skeletal fractures.

HSS journal : the musculoskeletal journal of Hospital for Special Surgery

Michael J Gardner, Demetris Demetrakopoulos, Michael K Shindle, Matthew H Griffith, Joseph M Lane

Affiliations

  1. Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th Street, New York, NY 10021, USA. [email protected]

PMID: 18751849 PMCID: PMC2504115 DOI: 10.1007/s11420-005-0137-8

Abstract

Osteoporosis affects millions of individuals worldwide, rendering them susceptible to fragility fractures of the spine, hip, and wrist and leading to significant morbidity, mortality, and economic cost. Given the substantial impact of osteoporosis on both patients and the medical community, it is imperative that physicians improve awareness and knowledge of osteoporosis in the setting of low-energy fractures. In this review, we provide information on effective means of preventing fragility fractures and introduce clinicians to issues pertinent to the patient who suffers an osteoporotic fracture. Prevention of fragility fractures centers around adequate mineral nutrition, including daily calcium and vitamin D supplementation, as well as prescription antiresorptive medications such as bisphosphonates or teriparatide therapy in severe cases, both of which have been shown to decrease future fracture risk. Balance and strength training also play important roles in the management of the osteoporotic patient, particularly following a low-energy fracture, and external hip protectors may be useful for certain patients. Kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty are two minimally invasive techniques that show great promise in the treatment of vertebral compression fractures, although questions regarding long-term biomechanical effects still exist. Traditionally, osteoporosis has been underdiagnosed and undertreated following a low-energy fracture in an elderly patient. Although treatment rates may be improving through public health initiatives, the majority of patients with osteoporosis remain inadequately treated. Perioperative intervention programs that focus on patient education about osteoporosis and treatment options lead to significant increases in intervention and treatment. Reducing the risk of skeletal fractures in patients susceptible to osteoporosis involves improved physician education on the risk factors and management of osteoporosis, as well as informing patients on the significance of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry testing and medical treatment so that they may serve as their own healthcare advocates in this often-undertreated disease.

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