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Cheah YH, Nordin FJ, Sarip R, et al. Combined xanthorrhizol-curcumin exhibits synergistic growth inhibitory activity via apoptosis induction in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. Cancer Cell Int. 2009;9:1doi: 10.1186/1475-2867-9-1.
Cheah, Y. H., Nordin, F. J., Sarip, R., Tee, T. T., Azimahtol, H. L. P., Sirat, H. M., Rashid, B. A. A., Abdullah, N. R., & Ismail, Z. (2009). Combined xanthorrhizol-curcumin exhibits synergistic growth inhibitory activity via apoptosis induction in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. Cancer cell international, 91. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2867-9-1
Cheah, Yew Hoong, et al. "Combined xanthorrhizol-curcumin exhibits synergistic growth inhibitory activity via apoptosis induction in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231." Cancer cell international vol. 9 (2009): 1. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2867-9-1
Cheah YH, Nordin FJ, Sarip R, Tee TT, Azimahtol HLP, Sirat HM, Rashid BAA, Abdullah NR, Ismail Z. Combined xanthorrhizol-curcumin exhibits synergistic growth inhibitory activity via apoptosis induction in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. Cancer Cell Int. 2009 Jan 02;9:1. doi: 10.1186/1475-2867-9-1. PMID: 19118501; PMCID: PMC2630298.
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Cancer Cell Int. 2009 Jan 02;9:1. doi: 10.1186/1475-2867-9-1.

Combined xanthorrhizol-curcumin exhibits synergistic growth inhibitory activity via apoptosis induction in human breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231.

Cancer cell international

Yew Hoong Cheah, Fariza Juliana Nordin, Rozie Sarip, Thiam Tsui Tee, Hawariah Lope Pihie Azimahtol, Hasnah M Sirat, Badrul Amini Abd Rashid, Noor Rain Abdullah, Zakiah Ismail

Affiliations

  1. Bioassay Unit, Herbal Medicine Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  2. School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
  3. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 80310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
  4. Phytochemistry Unit, Herbal Medicine Research Center, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

PMID: 19118501 PMCID: PMC2630298 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2867-9-1

Abstract

BACKGROUND: It has been suggested that combined effect of natural products may improve the treatment effectiveness in combating proliferation of cancer cells. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the possibility that the combination of xanthorrhizol and curcumin might show synergistic growth inhibitory effect towards MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells via apoptosis induction. The effective dose that produced 50% growth inhibition (GI50) was calculated from the log dose-response curve of fixed-combinations of xanthorrhizol and curcumin generated from the sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The experimental GI50 value was used to determine the synergistic activity of the combination treatment by isobolographic analysis and combination-index method. Further investigation of mode of cell death induced by the combination treatment was conducted in the present study.

RESULTS: Isobole analysis revealed that substances interaction was synergistic when xanthorrhizol and curcumin were added concurrently to the cultures but merely additive when they were added sequentially. The synergistic combination treatment was then applied to the cultures to investigate the mode of cell death induced by the treatment. Immunofluorescence staining using antibody MitoCapturetrade mark revealed the possibility of altered mitochondrial transmembrane potential, which is one of the hallmark of apoptosis. Hoechst 33258 nuclear staining assay showed the rate of apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells to increase in response to the treatment. Apoptotic cell death was further confirmed by DNA fragmentation assay, where internucleosomal excision of DNA was induced upon treatment with xanthorrhizol-curcumin.

CONCLUSION: This is the first time the combined cytotoxic effect of xanthorrhizol and curcumin on MDA-MB-231 cells has been documented and our findings provide experimental support to the hypothesis that combined xanthorrhizol-curcumin showed synergistic growth inhibitory activity on MDA-MB-231 cells via apoptosis induction.

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