Display options
Cite
Oka T, Hayashida S, Kaneda Y, et al. Green odor attenuates a cold pressor test-induced cardiovascular response in healthy adults. Biopsychosoc Med. 2008;2:2doi: 10.1186/1751-0759-2-2.
Oka, T., Hayashida, S., Kaneda, Y., Takenaga, M., Tamagawa, Y., Tsuji, S., & Hatanaka, A. (2008). Green odor attenuates a cold pressor test-induced cardiovascular response in healthy adults. BioPsychoSocial medicine, 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/1751-0759-2-2
Oka, Takakazu, et al. "Green odor attenuates a cold pressor test-induced cardiovascular response in healthy adults." BioPsychoSocial medicine vol. 2 (2008): 2. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1751-0759-2-2
Oka T, Hayashida S, Kaneda Y, Takenaga M, Tamagawa Y, Tsuji S, Hatanaka A. Green odor attenuates a cold pressor test-induced cardiovascular response in healthy adults. Biopsychosoc Med. 2008 Jan 15;2:2. doi: 10.1186/1751-0759-2-2. PMID: 18197969; PMCID: PMC2259378.
Copy Download .nbib Format: NLM
Share it on

Biopsychosoc Med. 2008 Jan 15;2:2. doi: 10.1186/1751-0759-2-2.

Green odor attenuates a cold pressor test-induced cardiovascular response in healthy adults.

BioPsychoSocial medicine

Takakazu Oka, Sota Hayashida, Yuko Kaneda, Masaki Takenaga, Yoko Tamagawa, Sadatoshi Tsuji, Akikazu Hatanaka

Affiliations

  1. Psychosomatic Medicine Division, Department of Neurology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Iseigaoka 1-1, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan. [email protected]

PMID: 18197969 PMCID: PMC2259378 DOI: 10.1186/1751-0759-2-2

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Green odor, a mixture of equal amounts of 2E-hexenal (leaf aldehyde) and 3Z-hexenol (leaf alcohol) has been demonstrated to have an anti-stress effect in rats. This study investigated whether or not green odor also has an anti-stress effect in humans.

METHODS: Changes in blood pressure, heart rate, and the skin temperature of a fingertip were observed after presenting green odor at a concentration of 0.03% or vehicle via inhalation through the nose for 10 min to eight healthy normotensive adults. We also assessed the pleasantness of green odor and its effect on mood states via assessment with the Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire. Cardiovascular response to green odor and the vehicle were compared among 11 additional healthy adults by use of the cold pressor test.

RESULTS: Of 19 subjects, 15 (79%) reported that the green odor was pleasant. Green odor had no effect on blood pressure, heart rate, skin temperature, or POMS score under non-stressful conditions. In the second experiment, green odor attenuated cold pressor test-induced increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure and facilitated the recovery of skin temperature.

CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that green odor has an anti-stress effect in healthy humans.

References

  1. Behav Brain Res. 2006 Jan 30;166(2):247-52 - PubMed
  2. Seikagaku. 2003 Nov;75(11):1414-28 - PubMed
  3. J Agric Food Chem. 2002 Dec 18;50(26):7639-44 - PubMed
  4. Trends Cogn Sci. 2000 Jun;4(6):215-222 - PubMed
  5. Chem Senses. 2003 Sep;28(7):565-72 - PubMed
  6. Chem Senses. 2005 Jan;30 Suppl 1:i266-7 - PubMed
  7. Physiol Behav. 2002 Mar;75(3):355-60 - PubMed
  8. Psychosom Med. 2001 May-Jun;63(3):476-86 - PubMed
  9. J Physiol. 2003 Sep 15;551(Pt 3):945-54 - PubMed
  10. Biopsychosoc Med. 2007;1:16 - PubMed
  11. Physiol Behav. 2004 Jan;80(4):481-8 - PubMed
  12. Chem Senses. 2002 Mar;27(3):225-30 - PubMed
  13. Chem Senses. 2005 Jan;30 Suppl 1:i268-9 - PubMed
  14. Neurosci Res. 2002 Jul;43(3):269-82 - PubMed
  15. Chem Senses. 2005 Jan;30 Suppl 1:i262-3 - PubMed
  16. Biopsychosoc Med. 2007;1:11 - PubMed
  17. Brain Res. 2004 Feb 6;997(2):234-7 - PubMed

Publication Types