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Naclerio RM, Bachert C, Baraniuk JN. Pathophysiology of nasal congestion. Int J Gen Med. 2010;3:47-57doi: 10.2147/ijgm.s8088.
Naclerio, R. M., Bachert, C., & Baraniuk, J. N. (2010). Pathophysiology of nasal congestion. International journal of general medicine, 347-57. https://doi.org/10.2147/ijgm.s8088
Naclerio, Robert M, et al. "Pathophysiology of nasal congestion." International journal of general medicine vol. 3 (2010): 47-57. doi: https://doi.org/10.2147/ijgm.s8088
Naclerio RM, Bachert C, Baraniuk JN. Pathophysiology of nasal congestion. Int J Gen Med. 2010 Apr 08;3:47-57. doi: 10.2147/ijgm.s8088. PMID: 20463823; PMCID: PMC2866558.
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Int J Gen Med. 2010 Apr 08;3:47-57. doi: 10.2147/ijgm.s8088.

Pathophysiology of nasal congestion.

International journal of general medicine

Robert M Naclerio, Claus Bachert, James N Baraniuk

Affiliations

  1. University of Chicago, Department of Surgery, Section of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Chicago, Illinois, USA;

PMID: 20463823 PMCID: PMC2866558 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s8088

Abstract

Nasal congestion is a common symptom in rhinitis (both allergic and nonallergic), rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis. Congestion can also be caused by physical obstruction of nasal passages and/or modulation of sensory perception. Mucosal inflammation underlies many of the specific and interrelated factors that contribute to nasal congestion, as well as other symptoms of both allergic rhinitis and rhinosinusitis. A wide range of biologically active agents (eg, histamine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukins, cell adhesion molecules) and cell types contribute to inflammation, which can manifest as venous engorgement, increased nasal secretions and tissue swelling/edema, ultimately leading to impaired airflow and the sensation of nasal congestion. Inflammation-induced changes in the properties of sensory afferents (eg, expression of peptides and receptors) that innervate the nose can also contribute to altered sensory perception, which may result in a subjective feeling of congestion. Increased understanding of the mechanisms underlying inflammation can facilitate improved treatment selection and the development of new therapies for congestion.

Keywords: allergic rhinitis; congestion; obstruction; pathophysiology; rhinosinusitis

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