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Yun JH, Ng YH, Ye C, et al. Sodium fluoride-assisted modulation of anodized TiO₂ nanotube for dye-sensitized solar cells application. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2011;3(5):1585-93doi: 10.1021/am200147b.
Yun, J. H., Ng, Y. H., Ye, C., Mozer, A. J., Wallace, G. G., & Amal, R. (2011). Sodium fluoride-assisted modulation of anodized TiO₂ nanotube for dye-sensitized solar cells application. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 3(5), 1585-93. https://doi.org/10.1021/am200147b
Yun, Jung-Ho, et al. "Sodium fluoride-assisted modulation of anodized TiO₂ nanotube for dye-sensitized solar cells application." ACS applied materials & interfaces vol. 3,5 (2011): 1585-93. doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/am200147b
Yun JH, Ng YH, Ye C, Mozer AJ, Wallace GG, Amal R. Sodium fluoride-assisted modulation of anodized TiO₂ nanotube for dye-sensitized solar cells application. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2011 May;3(5):1585-93. doi: 10.1021/am200147b. Epub 2011 Apr 22. PMID: 21480631.
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ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2011 May;3(5):1585-93. doi: 10.1021/am200147b. Epub 2011 Apr 22.

Sodium fluoride-assisted modulation of anodized TiO₂ nanotube for dye-sensitized solar cells application.

ACS applied materials & interfaces

Jung-Ho Yun, Yun Hau Ng, Changhui Ye, Attila J Mozer, Gordon G Wallace, Rose Amal

Affiliations

  1. ARC Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia.

PMID: 21480631 DOI: 10.1021/am200147b

Abstract

This work reports the use of sodium fluoride (in ethylene glycol electrolyte) as the replacement of hydrofluoric acid and ammonium fluoride to fabricate long and perpendicularly well-aligned TiO₂ nanotube (TNT) (up to 21 μm) using anodization. Anodizing duration, applied voltage and electrolyte composition influenced the geometry and surface morphologies of TNT. The growth mechanism of TNT is interpreted by analyzing the current transient profile and the total charge density generated during anodization. The system with low water content (2 wt %) yielded a membrane-like mesoporous TiO₂ film, whereas high anodizing voltage (70 V) resulted in the unstable film of TNT arrays. An optimized condition using 5 wt % water content and 60 V of anodizing voltage gave a stable array of nanotube with controllable length and pore diameter. Upon photoexcitation, TNTs synthesized under this condition exhibited a slower charge recombination rate as nanotube length increased. When made into cis-diisothiocyanato-bis(2,2̀-bipyridyl-4,4̀-dicarboxylato) ruthenium(II) bis (tetrabutyl-ammonium)(N719) dye-sensitized solar cells, good device efficiency at 3.33 % based on the optimized TNT arrays was achieved with longer electron time compared with most mesoporous TiO₂ films.

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