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Schiaffino S, Mammucari C. Regulation of skeletal muscle growth by the IGF1-Akt/PKB pathway: insights from genetic models. Skelet Muscle. 2011;1(1):4doi: 10.1186/2044-5040-1-4.
Schiaffino, S., & Mammucari, C. (2011). Regulation of skeletal muscle growth by the IGF1-Akt/PKB pathway: insights from genetic models. Skeletal muscle, 1(1), 4. https://doi.org/10.1186/2044-5040-1-4
Schiaffino, Stefano, and Mammucari, Cristina. "Regulation of skeletal muscle growth by the IGF1-Akt/PKB pathway: insights from genetic models." Skeletal muscle vol. 1,1 (2011): 4. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/2044-5040-1-4
Schiaffino S, Mammucari C. Regulation of skeletal muscle growth by the IGF1-Akt/PKB pathway: insights from genetic models. Skelet Muscle. 2011 Jan 24;1(1):4. doi: 10.1186/2044-5040-1-4. PMID: 21798082; PMCID: PMC3143906.
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Skelet Muscle. 2011 Jan 24;1(1):4. doi: 10.1186/2044-5040-1-4.

Regulation of skeletal muscle growth by the IGF1-Akt/PKB pathway: insights from genetic models.

Skeletal muscle

Stefano Schiaffino, Cristina Mammucari

Affiliations

  1. Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), Padova, Italy. [email protected]

PMID: 21798082 PMCID: PMC3143906 DOI: 10.1186/2044-5040-1-4

Abstract

A highly conserved signaling pathway involving insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and a cascade of intracellular components that mediate its effects, plays a major role in the regulation of skeletal muscle growth. A central component in this cascade is the kinase Akt, also called protein kinase B (PKB), which controls both protein synthesis, via the kinases mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), and protein degradation, via the transcription factors of the FoxO family. In this paper, we review the composition and function of this pathway in skeletal muscle fibers, focusing on evidence obtained in vivo by transgenic and knockout models and by muscle transient transfection experiments. Although this pathway is essential for muscle growth during development and regeneration, its role in adult muscle response to mechanical load is less clear. A full understanding of the operation of this pathway could help to design molecularly targeted therapeutics aimed at preventing muscle wasting, which occurs in a variety of pathologic contexts and in the course of aging.

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