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Demers NM, Bowers J, Appin C, et al. Malignant histiocytosis of the skin: a case report and review of the literature. J Dermatol Case Rep. 2009;3(1):4-7doi: 10.3315/jdcr.2009.1024.
Demers, N. M., Bowers, J., Appin, C., & Morgan, M. B. (2009). Malignant histiocytosis of the skin: a case report and review of the literature. Journal of dermatological case reports, 3(1), 4-7. https://doi.org/10.3315/jdcr.2009.1024
Demers, Nicole M, et al. "Malignant histiocytosis of the skin: a case report and review of the literature." Journal of dermatological case reports vol. 3,1 (2009): 4-7. doi: https://doi.org/10.3315/jdcr.2009.1024
Demers NM, Bowers J, Appin C, Morgan MB. Malignant histiocytosis of the skin: a case report and review of the literature. J Dermatol Case Rep. 2009 Apr 05;3(1):4-7. doi: 10.3315/jdcr.2009.1024. PMID: 21886719; PMCID: PMC3157786.
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J Dermatol Case Rep. 2009 Apr 05;3(1):4-7. doi: 10.3315/jdcr.2009.1024.

Malignant histiocytosis of the skin: a case report and review of the literature.

Journal of dermatological case reports

Nicole M Demers, Jeremy Bowers, Christina Appin, Michael B Morgan

Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA.

PMID: 21886719 PMCID: PMC3157786 DOI: 10.3315/jdcr.2009.1024

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Malignant histiocytosis is a rare neoplasm composed of abnormal histiocytes typically affecting the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. This entity has been rarely documented involving the skin and has never been reported confined to the skin.

MAIN OBSERVATIONS: A 74-year-old white man presented to the dermatology clinic with complaints of a non-healing ulcerated lesion on his cheek of several months duration. Histopathological examination revealed a poorly circumscribed neoplasm consisting of pleomorphic epithelioid cells with abundant foamy cytoplasm. Immunohistochemistry was positive for CD-43, CD-68, and lysozyme, but negative for CD-3, CD-20, CD-30, CD-34, SMA, CD-1a or S-100. The prominent CD-68 and lysozyme staining along with the histological features, the clinical presentation of erythematous nodules with diffuse erythematous plaques, and absence of bone marrow findings, led to the diagnosis of malignant histiocytosis confined to the skin.

CONCLUSION: Malignant histiocytosis involving the skin is rare. The presence of large pleomorphic epithelioid cells with foamy cytoplasm, with or without engulfed erythrocytes should alert the dermatopathologist to the possibility of malignant histiocytosis. Appropriate immunohistochemical evaluation, including CD-43, CD-68, CD-1a, S-100, and lysozyme, should be completed to confirm the diagnosis.

Keywords: cutaneous histiocytosis; histiocytic sarcoma; skin; tumor; ulcer

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