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Lambert E, Straznicky NE, Dawood T, et al. Change in sympathetic nerve firing pattern associated with dietary weight loss in the metabolic syndrome. Front Physiol. 2011;2:52doi: 10.3389/fphys.2011.00052.
Lambert, E., Straznicky, N. E., Dawood, T., Ika-Sari, C., Grima, M., Esler, M. D., Schlaich, M. P., & Lambert, G. W. (2011). Change in sympathetic nerve firing pattern associated with dietary weight loss in the metabolic syndrome. Frontiers in physiology, 252. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2011.00052
Lambert, Elisabeth, et al. "Change in sympathetic nerve firing pattern associated with dietary weight loss in the metabolic syndrome." Frontiers in physiology vol. 2 (2011): 52. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2011.00052
Lambert E, Straznicky NE, Dawood T, Ika-Sari C, Grima M, Esler MD, Schlaich MP, Lambert GW. Change in sympathetic nerve firing pattern associated with dietary weight loss in the metabolic syndrome. Front Physiol. 2011 Aug 26;2:52. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2011.00052. eCollection 2011. PMID: 21904529; PMCID: PMC3162210.
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Front Physiol. 2011 Aug 26;2:52. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2011.00052. eCollection 2011.

Change in sympathetic nerve firing pattern associated with dietary weight loss in the metabolic syndrome.

Frontiers in physiology

Elisabeth Lambert, Nora E Straznicky, Tye Dawood, Carolina Ika-Sari, Mariee Grima, Murray D Esler, Markus P Schlaich, Gavin W Lambert

Affiliations

  1. Human Neurotransmitters, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

PMID: 21904529 PMCID: PMC3162210 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2011.00052

Abstract

Sympathetic activation in subjects with the metabolic syndrome (MS) plays a role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease development. Diet-induced weight loss decreases sympathetic outflow. However the mechanisms that account for sympathetic inhibition are not known. We sought to provide a detailed description of the sympathetic response to diet by analyzing the firing behavior of single-unit sympathetic nerve fibers. Fourteen subjects (57 ± 2 years, nine men, five females) fulfilling ATP III criteria for the MS underwent a 3-month low calorie diet. Metabolic profile, hemodynamic parameters, and multi-unit and single-unit muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA, microneurography) were assessed prior to and at the end of the diet. Patients' weight dropped from 96 ± 4 to 88 ± 3 kg (P < 0.001). This was associated with a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (-12 ± 3 and -5 ± 2 mmHg, P < 0.05), and in heart rate (-7 ± 2 bpm, P < 0.01) and an improvement in all metabolic parameters (fasting glucose: -0.302.1 ± 0.118 mmol/l, total cholesterol: -0.564 ± 0.164 mmol/l, triglycerides: -0.414 ± 0.137 mmol/l, P < 0.05). Multi-unit MSNA decreased from 68 ± 4 to 59 ± 5 bursts/100 heartbeats (P < 0.05). Single-unit MSNA indicated that the firing rate of individual vasoconstrictor fibers decreased from 59 ± 10 to 32 ± 4 spikes/100 heart beats (P < 0.05). The probability of firing decreased from 34 ± 5 to 23 ± 3% of heartbeats (P < 0.05), and the incidence of multiple firing decreased from 14 ± 4 to 6 ± 1% of heartbeats (P < 0.05). Cardiac and sympathetic baroreflex function were significantly improved (cardiac slope: 6.57 ± 0.69 to 9.57 ± 1.20 ms·mmHg(-1); sympathetic slope: -3.86 ± 0.34 to -5.05 ± 0.47 bursts/100 heartbeats·mmHg(-1), P < 0.05 for both). Hypocaloric diet decreased sympathetic activity and improved hemodynamic and metabolic parameters. The sympathoinhibition associated with weight loss involves marked changes, not only in the rate but also in the firing pattern of active vasoconstrictive fibers.

Keywords: autonomic function; diet; metabolic syndrome; sympathetic nervous system

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