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Tarnow E. Short term memory bowing effect is consistent with presentation rate dependent decay. Cogn Neurodyn. 2010;4(4):367-76doi: 10.1007/s11571-010-9131-z.
Tarnow, E. (2010). Short term memory bowing effect is consistent with presentation rate dependent decay. Cognitive neurodynamics, 4(4), 367-76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11571-010-9131-z
Tarnow, Eugen. "Short term memory bowing effect is consistent with presentation rate dependent decay." Cognitive neurodynamics vol. 4,4 (2010): 367-76. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11571-010-9131-z
Tarnow E. Short term memory bowing effect is consistent with presentation rate dependent decay. Cogn Neurodyn. 2010 Dec;4(4):367-76. doi: 10.1007/s11571-010-9131-z. Epub 2010 Sep 11. PMID: 22132046; PMCID: PMC2974100.
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Cogn Neurodyn. 2010 Dec;4(4):367-76. doi: 10.1007/s11571-010-9131-z. Epub 2010 Sep 11.

Short term memory bowing effect is consistent with presentation rate dependent decay.

Cognitive neurodynamics

Eugen Tarnow

Affiliations

  1. 18-11 Radburn Road, Fair Lawn, NJ 07410 USA.

PMID: 22132046 PMCID: PMC2974100 DOI: 10.1007/s11571-010-9131-z

Abstract

I reanalyze the free recall data of Murdock, J Exp Psychol 64(5):482-488 (1962) and Murdock and Okada, J Verbal Learn and Verbal Behav 86:263-267 (1970) which show the famous bowing effect in which initial and recent items are recalled better than intermediate items (primacy and recency effects). Recent item recall probabilities follow a logarithmic decay with time of recall consistent with the tagging/retagging theory. The slope of the decay increases with increasing presentation rate. The initial items, with an effectively low presentation rate, decay with the slowest logarithmic slope, explaining the primacy effect. The finding that presentation rate limits the duration of short term memory suggests a basis for memory loss in busy adults, for the importance of slow music practice, for long term memory deficiencies for people with attention deficits who may be artificially increasing the presentation rates of their surroundings. A well-defined, quantitative measure of the primacy effect is introduced.

Keywords: Bowing effect; Endocytosis; Free recall; Presentation rate; Primacy effect; Priming; Short term memory; Synapse

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