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Zurrida S, Bassi F, Arnone P, et al. The Changing Face of Mastectomy (from Mutilation to Aid to Breast Reconstruction). Int J Surg Oncol. 2011;2011:980158doi: 10.1155/2011/980158.
Zurrida, S., Bassi, F., Arnone, P., Martella, S., Del Castillo, A., Ribeiro Martini, R., Semenkiw, M. E., & Caldarella, P. (2011). The Changing Face of Mastectomy (from Mutilation to Aid to Breast Reconstruction). International journal of surgical oncology, 2011980158. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/980158
Zurrida, Stefano, et al. "The Changing Face of Mastectomy (from Mutilation to Aid to Breast Reconstruction)." International journal of surgical oncology vol. 2011 (2011): 980158. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/980158
Zurrida S, Bassi F, Arnone P, Martella S, Del Castillo A, Ribeiro Martini R, Semenkiw ME, Caldarella P. The Changing Face of Mastectomy (from Mutilation to Aid to Breast Reconstruction). Int J Surg Oncol. 2011;2011:980158. doi: 10.1155/2011/980158. Epub 2011 Jun 05. PMID: 22312537; PMCID: PMC3263661.
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Int J Surg Oncol. 2011;2011:980158. doi: 10.1155/2011/980158. Epub 2011 Jun 05.

The Changing Face of Mastectomy (from Mutilation to Aid to Breast Reconstruction).

International journal of surgical oncology

Stefano Zurrida, Fabio Bassi, Paolo Arnone, Stefano Martella, Andres Del Castillo, Rafael Ribeiro Martini, M Eugenia Semenkiw, Pietro Caldarella

Affiliations

  1. Division of Senology, European Institute of Oncology, 20141 Milan, Italy.

PMID: 22312537 PMCID: PMC3263661 DOI: 10.1155/2011/980158

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. Primary treatment is surgery, with mastectomy as the main treatment for most of the twentieth century. However, over that time, the extent of the procedure varied, and less extensive mastectomies are employed today compared to those used in the past, as excessively mutilating procedures did not improve survival. Today, many women receive breast-conserving surgery, usually with radiotherapy to the residual breast, instead of mastectomy, as it has been shown to be as effective as mastectomy in early disease. The relatively new skin-sparing mastectomy, often with immediate breast reconstruction, improves aesthetic outcomes and is oncologically safe. Nipple-sparing mastectomy is newer and used increasingly, with better acceptance by patients, and again appears to be oncologically safe. Breast reconstruction is an important adjunct to mastectomy, as it has a positive psychological impact on the patient, contributing to improved quality of life.

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