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Mennes M, Vega Potler N, Kelly C, et al. Resting state functional connectivity correlates of inhibitory control in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Front Psychiatry. 2012;2:83doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00083.
Mennes, M., Vega Potler, N., Kelly, C., Di Martino, A., Castellanos, F. X., & Milham, M. P. (2011). Resting state functional connectivity correlates of inhibitory control in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Frontiers in psychiatry, 283. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00083
Mennes, Maarten, et al. "Resting state functional connectivity correlates of inhibitory control in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder." Frontiers in psychiatry vol. 2 (2011): 83. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00083
Mennes M, Vega Potler N, Kelly C, Di Martino A, Castellanos FX, Milham MP. Resting state functional connectivity correlates of inhibitory control in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Front Psychiatry. 2012 Jan 11;2:83. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00083. eCollection 2011. PMID: 22470352; PMCID: PMC3261661.
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Front Psychiatry. 2012 Jan 11;2:83. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00083. eCollection 2011.

Resting state functional connectivity correlates of inhibitory control in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Frontiers in psychiatry

Maarten Mennes, Natan Vega Potler, Clare Kelly, Adriana Di Martino, F Xavier Castellanos, Michael P Milham

Affiliations

  1. Phyllis Green and Randolph Cowen Institute for Pediatric Neuroscience, NYU Langone School of Medicine, NYU Child Study Center New York, NY, USA.

PMID: 22470352 PMCID: PMC3261661 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2011.00083

Abstract

Motor inhibition is among the most commonly studied executive functions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Imaging studies using probes of motor inhibition such as the stop signal task (SST) consistently demonstrate ADHD-related dysfunction within a right-hemisphere fronto-striatal network that includes inferior frontal gyrus and pre-supplementary motor area. Beyond findings of focal hypo- or hyper-function, emerging models of ADHD psychopathology highlight disease-related changes in functional interactions between network components. Resting state fMRI (R-fMRI) approaches have emerged as powerful tools for mapping such interactions (i.e., resting state functional connectivity, RSFC), and for relating behavioral and diagnostic variables to network properties. We used R-fMRI data collected from 17 typically developing controls (TDC) and 17 age-matched children with ADHD (aged 8-13 years) to identify neural correlates of SST performance measured outside the scanner. We examined two related inhibition indices: stop signal reaction time (SSRT), indexing inhibitory speed, and stop signal delay (SSD), indexing inhibitory success. Using 11 fronto-striatal seed regions-of-interest, we queried the brain for relationships between RSFC and each performance index, as well as for interactions with diagnostic status. Both SSRT and SSD exhibited connectivity-behavior relationships independent of diagnosis. At the same time, we found differential connectivity-behavior relationships in children with ADHD relative to TDC. Our results demonstrate the utility of RSFC approaches for assessing brain/behavior relationships, and for identifying pathology-related differences in the contributions of neural circuits to cognition and behavior.

Keywords: ADHD; connectivity; fMRI; interaction; intrinsic architecture; rest; transition zones

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