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Deonandan R, Jaleel M. Global decline in semen quality: ignoring the developing world introduces selection bias. Int J Gen Med. 2012;5:303-6doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S30673.
Deonandan, R., & Jaleel, M. (2012). Global decline in semen quality: ignoring the developing world introduces selection bias. International journal of general medicine, 5303-6. https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S30673
Deonandan, Raywat, and Jaleel, Marya. "Global decline in semen quality: ignoring the developing world introduces selection bias." International journal of general medicine vol. 5 (2012): 303-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S30673
Deonandan R, Jaleel M. Global decline in semen quality: ignoring the developing world introduces selection bias. Int J Gen Med. 2012;5:303-6. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S30673. Epub 2012 Mar 22. PMID: 22505829; PMCID: PMC3325016.
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Int J Gen Med. 2012;5:303-6. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S30673. Epub 2012 Mar 22.

Global decline in semen quality: ignoring the developing world introduces selection bias.

International journal of general medicine

Raywat Deonandan, Marya Jaleel

Affiliations

  1. Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

PMID: 22505829 PMCID: PMC3325016 DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S30673

Abstract

Multiple studies from around the world have suggested that semen quality is declining globally. However, all studies suffer from variable semen sampling criteria, selection bias with respect to the types of men volunteering to participate, and a bias with respect to a tendency to examine only samples from high-income countries. This heterogeneity in approaches, especially given the undersampling of rural and less affluent men from low-income countries, calls into question researchers' claims of universally declining semen norms.

Keywords: developing world; global; human semen; quality

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