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Xu Y, Fisher GJ. Receptor type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) - roles in signal transduction and human disease. J Cell Commun Signal. 2012;6(3):125-38doi: 10.1007/s12079-012-0171-5.
Xu, Y., & Fisher, G. J. (2012). Receptor type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) - roles in signal transduction and human disease. Journal of cell communication and signaling, 6(3), 125-38. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12079-012-0171-5
Xu, Yiru, and Fisher, Gary J. "Receptor type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) - roles in signal transduction and human disease." Journal of cell communication and signaling vol. 6,3 (2012): 125-38. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12079-012-0171-5
Xu Y, Fisher GJ. Receptor type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) - roles in signal transduction and human disease. J Cell Commun Signal. 2012 Aug;6(3):125-38. doi: 10.1007/s12079-012-0171-5. Epub 2012 Aug 01. PMID: 22851429; PMCID: PMC3421019.
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J Cell Commun Signal. 2012 Aug;6(3):125-38. doi: 10.1007/s12079-012-0171-5. Epub 2012 Aug 01.

Receptor type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) - roles in signal transduction and human disease.

Journal of cell communication and signaling

Yiru Xu, Gary J Fisher

Affiliations

  1. Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Room 6447 Med Sci I, 1301 E. Catherine Street, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.

PMID: 22851429 PMCID: PMC3421019 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-012-0171-5

Abstract

Protein tyrosine phosphorylation is a fundamental regulatory mechanism controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, communication, and adhesion. Disruption of this key regulatory mechanism contributes to a variety of human diseases including cancer, diabetes, and auto-immune diseases. Net protein tyrosine phosphorylation is determined by the dynamic balance of the activity of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). Mammals express many distinct PTKs and PTPs. Both of these families can be sub-divided into non-receptor and receptor subtypes. Receptor protein tyrosine kinases (RPTKs) comprise a large family of cell surface proteins that initiate intracellular tyrosine phosphorylation-dependent signal transduction in response to binding of extracellular ligands, such as growth factors and cytokines. Receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatases (RPTPs) are enzymatic and functional counterparts of RPTKs. RPTPs are a family of integral cell surface proteins that possess intracellular PTP activity, and extracellular domains that have sequence homology to cell adhesion molecules. In comparison to extensively studied RPTKs, much less is known about RPTPs, especially regarding their substrate specificities, regulatory mechanisms, biological functions, and their roles in human diseases. Based on the structure of their extracellular domains, the RPTP family can be grouped into eight sub-families. This article will review one representative member from each RPTP sub-family.

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