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Ruiz C, Casarejos MJ, Gomez A, et al. Protection by glia-conditioned medium in a cell model of Huntington disease. PLoS Curr. 2012;4:e4fbca54a2028bdoi: 10.1371/4fbca54a2028b.
Ruiz, C., Casarejos, M. J., Gomez, A., Solano, R., de Yebenes, J. G., & Mena, M. A. (2012). Protection by glia-conditioned medium in a cell model of Huntington disease. PLoS currents, 4e4fbca54a2028b. https://doi.org/10.1371/4fbca54a2028b
Ruiz, Carolina, et al. "Protection by glia-conditioned medium in a cell model of Huntington disease." PLoS currents vol. 4 (2012): e4fbca54a2028b. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/4fbca54a2028b
Ruiz C, Casarejos MJ, Gomez A, Solano R, de Yebenes JG, Mena MA. Protection by glia-conditioned medium in a cell model of Huntington disease. PLoS Curr. 2012 Jul 02;4:e4fbca54a2028b. doi: 10.1371/4fbca54a2028b. PMID: 22919565; PMCID: PMC3423315.
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PLoS Curr. 2012 Jul 02;4:e4fbca54a2028b. doi: 10.1371/4fbca54a2028b.

Protection by glia-conditioned medium in a cell model of Huntington disease.

PLoS currents

Carolina Ruiz, Maria Jose Casarejos, Ana Gomez, Rosa Solano, Justo Garcia de Yebenes, Maria Angeles Mena

PMID: 22919565 PMCID: PMC3423315 DOI: 10.1371/4fbca54a2028b

Abstract

The physiological role of huntingtin and the pathogenic mechanisms that produce the disease are unknown. Mutant huntingtin changes its normal localization and produces cytoplasmic and intranuclear inclusions, changes gene transcription, alters synaptic transmission, impairs mitochondrial activity and activates caspases and other pro-apoptotic molecules, promotes excitotoxicity, energy deficits, synthesis and release reduction of neurotrophic factors and oxidative stress. Previous studies confirm that the mutant huntingtin difficult neurotrophic function of astrocytes leading to neuronal dysfunction in Huntington's disease. Our objective was to study the neuroprotective potential role of glia-conditioned medium (GCM) in an in vitro model of Huntington's disease. We used conditionally-immortalized striatal neuronal progenitor cell lines (STHdhQ7/Q7 and STHdhQ111/Q111) expressing endogenous levels of normal and mutant huntingtin with 7 and 111 glutamines, respectively. We studied the protection of fetal and postnatal glia conditioned medium (GCM) on H2O2 (2 µM), glutamate (5 mM) and 3-nitropropionic acid (2.5 mM) related toxicity. We also compared the neuroprotective effects of GCM versus that of the growth factors bFGF, BDNF and GDNF. Fetal GCM protects from every toxin, reducing the cell death and increasing the cell survival. Fetal GCM reduces the caspases fragmentation of the protein PARP, the expression of chaperone Hsp70 and the accumulation of ROS and polyubiquitinated proteins. In addition, in Q111 striatal cells treated with H2O2 (2 µM) for 24 hours, the intracellular GSH levels are higher in the presence of GCM. Notably, the 13-day and 2-month postnatal GCM, totally protects from H2O2 induced cell death in mutant striatal cells. GCM neuroprotective effects are more potent than those of the already identified neurotrophic factors. We conclude that GCM protects Q111 cells from neuronal neurotoxins and the effects of GCM are more potent than those of any known neurotrophic factor. GCM may contain new and more potent, as yet unidentified, neurotrophic molecules, potentially useful in patients with Huntington's disease.

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