Display options
Share it on

J Neurodev Disord. 2012 May 17;4(1):9. doi: 10.1186/1866-1955-4-9.

Response of neural reward regions to food cues in autism spectrum disorders.

Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders

Carissa J Cascio, Jennifer H Foss-Feig, Jessica L Heacock, Cassandra R Newsom, Ronald L Cowan, Margaret M Benningfield, Baxter P Rogers, Aize Cao

Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University, 1601 23rd Ave South, Suite 3057, Nashville, TN 37212, USA. [email protected].

PMID: 22958533 PMCID: PMC3436657 DOI: 10.1186/1866-1955-4-9

Abstract

BACKGROUND: One hypothesis for the social deficits that characterize autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is diminished neural reward response to social interaction and attachment. Prior research using established monetary reward paradigms as a test of non-social reward to compare with social reward may involve confounds in the ability of individuals with ASD to utilize symbolic representation of money and the abstraction required to interpret monetary gains. Thus, a useful addition to our understanding of neural reward circuitry in ASD includes a characterization of the neural response to primary rewards.

METHOD: We asked 17 children with ASD and 18 children without ASD to abstain from eating for at least four hours before an MRI scan in which they viewed images of high-calorie foods. We assessed the neural reward network for increases in the blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal in response to the food images

RESULTS: We found very similar patterns of increased BOLD signal to these images in the two groups; both groups showed increased BOLD signal in the bilateral amygdala, as well as in the nucleus accumbens, orbitofrontal cortex, and insula. Direct group comparisons revealed that the ASD group showed a stronger response to food cues in bilateral insula along the anterior-posterior gradient and in the anterior cingulate cortex than the control group, whereas there were no neural reward regions that showed higher activation for controls than for ASD.

CONCLUSION: These results suggest that neural response to primary rewards is not diminished but in fact shows an aberrant enhancement in children with ASD.

References

  1. Br J Psychiatry. 2008 Jan;192(1):19-24 - PubMed
  2. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2010 Nov;11(11):773-83 - PubMed
  3. Neuroscience. 2008 Oct 15;156(3):450-5 - PubMed
  4. PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e32434 - PubMed
  5. Hum Brain Mapp. 2000 Jul;10(3):120-31 - PubMed
  6. Nat Neurosci. 2004 Feb;7(2):189-95 - PubMed
  7. Autism Res. 2008 Feb;1(1):31-42 - PubMed
  8. Physiol Behav. 2007 Jan 30;90(1):36-42 - PubMed
  9. J Autism Dev Disord. 2011 Feb;41(2):242-7 - PubMed
  10. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2009 Jun;197(6):450-4 - PubMed
  11. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2012 Feb;7(2):160-72 - PubMed
  12. J Neurophysiol. 1990 Apr;63(4):689-700 - PubMed
  13. Neuroimage. 2008 Jan 1;39(1):538-47 - PubMed
  14. Brain Struct Funct. 2010 Jun;214(5-6):551-61 - PubMed
  15. Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Nov 1;62(9):1015-21 - PubMed
  16. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2011 Nov;52(11):1164-73 - PubMed
  17. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2009 Dec;4(4):423-8 - PubMed
  18. Neuroreport. 1999 Jan 18;10(1):7-14 - PubMed
  19. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999 Jun 29;877:49-63 - PubMed
  20. Int J Obes (Lond). 2010 Oct;34(10):1494-500 - PubMed
  21. Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol. 2004 Nov;281(1):1212-25 - PubMed
  22. Neuroimage. 2005 Sep;27(3):624-34 - PubMed
  23. Neuroreport. 2001 Aug 28;12(12):2779-83 - PubMed
  24. Brain Struct Funct. 2010 Jun;214(5-6):435-50 - PubMed
  25. Science. 2007 Jan 26;315(5811):531-4 - PubMed
  26. Brain Res. 2010 Sep 2;1350:43-64 - PubMed
  27. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2003 Aug;13(4):500-5 - PubMed
  28. Neuroimage. 2003 Aug;19(4):1381-94 - PubMed
  29. Brain Res. 2010 Sep 2;1350:159-66 - PubMed
  30. Autism. 2002 Sep;6(3):287-97 - PubMed
  31. Autism Res. 2010 Apr;3(2):53-67 - PubMed
  32. Clin Pharmacokinet. 1999 Dec;37(6):457-70 - PubMed
  33. J Pediatr. 2010 Aug;157(2):259-64 - PubMed
  34. Trends Cogn Sci. 2011 Feb;15(2):56-67 - PubMed
  35. J Neurosci. 2006 May 10;26(19):5160-6 - PubMed
  36. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2000 Jul;41(5):561-78 - PubMed
  37. Science. 2004 Feb 20;303(5661):1157-62 - PubMed
  38. Neuroimage. 2003 Jul;19(3):1233-9 - PubMed
  39. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2005 Sep;6(9):691-702 - PubMed
  40. Hum Brain Mapp. 2006 Sep;27(9):715-21 - PubMed
  41. J Autism Dev Disord. 2011 Nov;41(11):1523-33 - PubMed
  42. J Autism Dev Disord. 2004 Aug;34(4):433-8 - PubMed
  43. Neuroimage. 2010 Apr 15;50(3):1188-93 - PubMed
  44. Hum Brain Mapp. 2007 Jan;28(1):9-18 - PubMed
  45. Hum Brain Mapp. 2009 Sep;30(9):2731-45 - PubMed
  46. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 1992 Sep;14(5):749-61 - PubMed
  47. J Neurophysiol. 1986 Sep;56(3):876-90 - PubMed
  48. Brain Res. 2011 Mar 22;1380:206-17 - PubMed
  49. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2009 Jan;10(1):59-70 - PubMed
  50. J Neurosci. 2009 Sep 30;29(39):12315-20 - PubMed
  51. Am J Intellect Dev Disabil. 2010 Jul;115(4):277-90 - PubMed
  52. Appetite. 2011 Apr;56(2):302-9 - PubMed
  53. Cereb Cortex. 2005 Oct;15(10):1602-8 - PubMed
  54. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007 Apr;191(3):497-506 - PubMed
  55. J Neurosci. 2001 Aug 15;21(16):RC159 - PubMed
  56. J Neurosci. 2008 May 28;28(22):5861-6 - PubMed
  57. Int J Obes (Lond). 2009 Jun;33(6):653-61 - PubMed
  58. Cogn Neuropsychiatry. 2006 May;11(3):219-32 - PubMed
  59. Brain. 1995 Feb;118 ( Pt 1):279-306 - PubMed
  60. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008 Dec;1145:283-99 - PubMed
  61. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci. 2012 Mar;7(3):274-81 - PubMed
  62. Int J Obes (Lond). 2009 Sep;33(9):1063-73 - PubMed
  63. Physiol Behav. 2003 Aug;79(3):351-7 - PubMed
  64. Brain Struct Funct. 2010 Jun;214(5-6):655-67 - PubMed
  65. Res Dev Disabil. 2006 Jul-Aug;27(4):353-63 - PubMed
  66. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Jul 5;108(27):E255-64 - PubMed
  67. Eur J Neurosci. 2009 Oct;30(8):1625-35 - PubMed
  68. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1996;20(1):1-25 - PubMed
  69. Physiol Behav. 2009 Jul 14;97(5):537-50 - PubMed
  70. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002 Aug;3(8):655-66 - PubMed
  71. Am J Psychiatry. 2009 Aug;166(8):891-9 - PubMed
  72. Curr Pharm Des. 2011;17(12):1149-57 - PubMed
  73. Brain Res Bull. 2006 Apr 14;69(3):259-65 - PubMed
  74. Appetite. 2010 Jun;54(3):579-82 - PubMed

Publication Types

Grant support