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Glover TE, Fritz DM, Cammarata M, et al. X-ray and optical wave mixing. Nature. 2012;488(7413):603-8doi: 10.1038/nature11340.
Glover, T. E., Fritz, D. M., Cammarata, M., Allison, T. K., Coh, S., Feldkamp, J. M., Lemke, H., Zhu, D., Feng, Y., Coffee, R. N., Fuchs, M., Ghimire, S., Chen, J., Shwartz, S., Reis, D. A., Harris, S. E., & Hastings, J. B. (2012). X-ray and optical wave mixing. Nature, 488(7413), 603-8. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11340
Glover, T E, et al. "X-ray and optical wave mixing." Nature vol. 488,7413 (2012): 603-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature11340
Glover TE, Fritz DM, Cammarata M, Allison TK, Coh S, Feldkamp JM, Lemke H, Zhu D, Feng Y, Coffee RN, Fuchs M, Ghimire S, Chen J, Shwartz S, Reis DA, Harris SE, Hastings JB. X-ray and optical wave mixing. Nature. 2012 Aug 30;488(7413):603-8. doi: 10.1038/nature11340. PMID: 22932384.
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Nature. 2012 Aug 30;488(7413):603-8. doi: 10.1038/nature11340.

X-ray and optical wave mixing.

Nature

T E Glover, D M Fritz, M Cammarata, T K Allison, Sinisa Coh, J M Feldkamp, H Lemke, D Zhu, Y Feng, R N Coffee, M Fuchs, S Ghimire, J Chen, S Shwartz, D A Reis, S E Harris, J B Hastings

Affiliations

  1. Advanced Light Source Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. [email protected]

PMID: 22932384 DOI: 10.1038/nature11340

Abstract

Light-matter interactions are ubiquitous, and underpin a wide range of basic research fields and applied technologies. Although optical interactions have been intensively studied, their microscopic details are often poorly understood and have so far not been directly measurable. X-ray and optical wave mixing was proposed nearly half a century ago as an atomic-scale probe of optical interactions but has not yet been observed owing to a lack of sufficiently intense X-ray sources. Here we use an X-ray laser to demonstrate X-ray and optical sum-frequency generation. The underlying nonlinearity is a reciprocal-space probe of the optically induced charges and associated microscopic fields that arise in an illuminated material. To within the experimental errors, the measured efficiency is consistent with first-principles calculations of microscopic optical polarization in diamond. The ability to probe optical interactions on the atomic scale offers new opportunities in both basic and applied areas of science.

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