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Science. 2013 Jan 11;339(6116):178-81. doi: 10.1126/science.1226897.

Quantum back-action of an individual variable-strength measurement.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

M Hatridge, S Shankar, M Mirrahimi, F Schackert, K Geerlings, T Brecht, K M Sliwa, B Abdo, L Frunzio, S M Girvin, R J Schoelkopf, M H Devoret

Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Physics and Physics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. [email protected]

PMID: 23307736 DOI: 10.1126/science.1226897

Abstract

Measuring a quantum system can randomly perturb its state. The strength and nature of this back-action depend on the quantity that is measured. In a partial measurement performed by an ideal apparatus, quantum physics predicts that the system remains in a pure state whose evolution can be tracked perfectly from the measurement record. We demonstrated this property using a superconducting qubit dispersively coupled to a cavity traversed by a microwave signal. The back-action on the qubit state of a single measurement of both signal quadratures was observed and shown to produce a stochastic operation whose action is determined by the measurement result. This accurate monitoring of a qubit state is an essential prerequisite for measurement-based feedback control of quantum systems.

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