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Cagliani R, Sironi M. Pathogen-driven selection in the human genome. Int J Evol Biol. 2013;2013:204240doi: 10.1155/2013/204240.
Cagliani, R., & Sironi, M. (2013). Pathogen-driven selection in the human genome. International journal of evolutionary biology, 2013204240. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/204240
Cagliani, Rachele, and Sironi, Manuela. "Pathogen-driven selection in the human genome." International journal of evolutionary biology vol. 2013 (2013): 204240. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/204240
Cagliani R, Sironi M. Pathogen-driven selection in the human genome. Int J Evol Biol. 2013;2013:204240. doi: 10.1155/2013/204240. Epub 2013 Mar 04. PMID: 23533945; PMCID: PMC3603197.
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Int J Evol Biol. 2013;2013:204240. doi: 10.1155/2013/204240. Epub 2013 Mar 04.

Pathogen-driven selection in the human genome.

International journal of evolutionary biology

Rachele Cagliani, Manuela Sironi

Affiliations

  1. Bioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. Medea, 23842 Bosisio Parini (LC), Italy.

PMID: 23533945 PMCID: PMC3603197 DOI: 10.1155/2013/204240

Abstract

Infectious diseases and epidemics have always accompanied and characterized human history, representing one of the main causes of death. Even today, despite progress in sanitation and medical research, infections are estimated to account for about 15% of deaths. The hypothesis whereby infectious diseases have been acting as a powerful selective pressure was formulated long ago, but it was not until the availability of large-scale genetic data and the development of novel methods to study molecular evolution that we could assess how pervasively infectious agents have shaped human genetic diversity. Indeed, recent evidences indicated that among the diverse environmental factors that acted as selective pressures during the evolution of our species, pathogen load had the strongest influence. Beside the textbook example of the major histocompatibility complex, selection signatures left by pathogen-exerted pressure can be identified at several human loci, including genes not directly involved in immune response. In the future, high-throughput technologies and the availability of genetic data from different populations are likely to provide novel insights into the evolutionary relationships between the human host and its pathogens. Hopefully, this will help identify the genetic determinants modulating the susceptibility to infectious diseases and will translate into new treatment strategies.

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