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Whiteside TL. Immune responses to cancer: are they potential biomarkers of prognosis?. Front Oncol. 2013;3:107doi: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00107.
Whiteside, T. L. (2013). Immune responses to cancer: are they potential biomarkers of prognosis?. Frontiers in oncology, 3107. https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2013.00107
Whiteside, Theresa L. "Immune responses to cancer: are they potential biomarkers of prognosis?." Frontiers in oncology vol. 3 (2013): 107. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2013.00107
Whiteside TL. Immune responses to cancer: are they potential biomarkers of prognosis?. Front Oncol. 2013 May 17;3:107. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00107. eCollection 2013. PMID: 23730621; PMCID: PMC3656353.
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Front Oncol. 2013 May 17;3:107. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00107. eCollection 2013.

Immune responses to cancer: are they potential biomarkers of prognosis?.

Frontiers in oncology

Theresa L Whiteside

Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Pittsburgh, PA, USA ; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

PMID: 23730621 PMCID: PMC3656353 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2013.00107

Abstract

Recent technical improvements in evaluations of immune cells in situ and immune monitoring of patients with cancer have provided a wealth of new data confirming that immune cells play a key role in human cancer progression. This, in turn, has revived the expectation that immune endpoints might serve as reliable biomarkers of outcome or response to therapy in cancer. The recent successes in linking the T-cell signature in human colorectal carcinoma (CRC) with prognosis have provided a strong motive for searching for additional immune biomarkers that could serve as intermediate endpoints of response to therapy and outcome in human cancers. A number of potentially promising immune biomarkers have emerged, but most remain to be validated. Among them, the B-cell signature, as exemplified by expression of the immunoglobulin G kappa chain (IGKC) in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), has been validated as a biomarker of response to adjuvant therapy and better survival in patients with breast carcinoma and several other types of human solid tumors. Additional immune endpoints are being currently tested as potentially promising biomarkers in cancer. In view of currently growing use of immune cancer therapies, the search for immune biomarkers of prognosis are critically important for identifying patients who would benefit the most from adjuvant immunotherapy.

Keywords: B-cell signature; T-cell signature; cancer; immune system; prognosis

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