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Johannsen JC, Ulstrup S, Cilento F, et al. Direct view of hot carrier dynamics in graphene. Phys Rev Lett. 2013;111(2):027403doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.027403.
Johannsen, J. C., Ulstrup, S., Cilento, F., Crepaldi, A., Zacchigna, M., Cacho, C., Turcu, I. C., Springate, E., Fromm, F., Raidel, C., Seyller, T., Parmigiani, F., Grioni, M., & Hofmann, P. (2013). Direct view of hot carrier dynamics in graphene. Physical review letters, 111(2), 027403. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.027403
Johannsen, Jens Christian, et al. "Direct view of hot carrier dynamics in graphene." Physical review letters vol. 111,2 (2013): 027403. doi: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.027403
Johannsen JC, Ulstrup S, Cilento F, Crepaldi A, Zacchigna M, Cacho C, Turcu IC, Springate E, Fromm F, Raidel C, Seyller T, Parmigiani F, Grioni M, Hofmann P. Direct view of hot carrier dynamics in graphene. Phys Rev Lett. 2013 Jul 12;111(2):027403. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.027403. Epub 2013 Jul 09. PMID: 23889442.
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Phys Rev Lett. 2013 Jul 12;111(2):027403. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.027403. Epub 2013 Jul 09.

Direct view of hot carrier dynamics in graphene.

Physical review letters

Jens Christian Johannsen, Søren Ulstrup, Federico Cilento, Alberto Crepaldi, Michele Zacchigna, Cephise Cacho, I C Edmond Turcu, Emma Springate, Felix Fromm, Christian Raidel, Thomas Seyller, Fulvio Parmigiani, Marco Grioni, Philip Hofmann

Affiliations

  1. Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

PMID: 23889442 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.027403

Abstract

The ultrafast dynamics of excited carriers in graphene is closely linked to the Dirac spectrum and plays a central role for many electronic and optoelectronic applications. Harvesting energy from excited electron-hole pairs, for instance, is only possible if these pairs can be separated before they lose energy to vibrations, merely heating the lattice. Until now, the hot carrier dynamics in graphene could only be accessed indirectly. Here, we present a dynamical view on the Dirac cone by time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. This allows us to show the quasi-instant thermalization of the electron gas to a temperature of ≈2000 K, to determine the time-resolved carrier density, and to disentangle the subsequent decay into excitations of optical phonons and acoustic phonons (directly and via supercollisions).

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