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Ostrowski RP, Schulte RW, Nie Y, et al. Acute splenic irradiation reduces brain injury in the rat focal ischemic stroke model. Transl Stroke Res. 2012;3(4):473-81doi: 10.1007/s12975-012-0206-5.
Ostrowski, R. P., Schulte, R. W., Nie, Y., Ling, T., Lee, T., Manaenko, A., Gridley, D. S., & Zhang, J. H. (2012). Acute splenic irradiation reduces brain injury in the rat focal ischemic stroke model. Translational stroke research, 3(4), 473-81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-012-0206-5
Ostrowski, Robert P, et al. "Acute splenic irradiation reduces brain injury in the rat focal ischemic stroke model." Translational stroke research vol. 3,4 (2012): 473-81. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12975-012-0206-5
Ostrowski RP, Schulte RW, Nie Y, Ling T, Lee T, Manaenko A, Gridley DS, Zhang JH. Acute splenic irradiation reduces brain injury in the rat focal ischemic stroke model. Transl Stroke Res. 2012 Dec;3(4):473-81. doi: 10.1007/s12975-012-0206-5. PMID: 23956805; PMCID: PMC3743446.
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Transl Stroke Res. 2012 Dec;3(4):473-81. doi: 10.1007/s12975-012-0206-5.

Acute splenic irradiation reduces brain injury in the rat focal ischemic stroke model.

Translational stroke research

Robert P Ostrowski, Reinhard W Schulte, Ying Nie, Ted Ling, Timothy Lee, Anatol Manaenko, Daila S Gridley, John H Zhang

Affiliations

  1. Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology (R.P.O., A.M., J.H.Z.), Radiation Medicine (R.S.W., Y.N., T.L., T.L., D.S.G.), Neurosurgery (J.H.Z.) and Anesthesiology (J.H.Z.), Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA and the Department of Experimental and Clinical Neuropathology, Medical Research Center, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland (R.P.O.).

PMID: 23956805 PMCID: PMC3743446 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-012-0206-5

Abstract

Removing the spleen prior to ischemic stroke abrogates immunologic response to brain injury and reduces cerebral infarction. However, the effectiveness of splenectomy for neuroprotection after stroke has not been established. Moreover, the risks of the surgical splenectomy in stroke patients create a major obstacle to removing the spleen's inflammatory response. We hypothesized that acute splenic irradiation will ablate splenic cells and thereby will diminish stroke progression. Male adult Sprague Dawley rats were subjected to 2-hour middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), then CT scanned for spleen localization and irradiated to the lateral splenic region with 8Gy of Cobalt 60 at 3, 4, 6 or 8 hrs after start of cerebral ischemia. Untreated controls underwent the same procedures except that sham irradiation was applied. At 2 or 7 days after ischemia the rats were euthanized, and brains recovered for the assessment of brain injury and the extent of neuroinflammation. Irradiation at 3 hrs reduced spleen weight and lymphocyte blood levels after stroke. Splenic irradiation at 3 and 4 hrs after start of ischemia significantly reduced cerebral infarction volumes measured at 48 hrs and 7 days, respectively. The histological analysis on day 7 revealed reduced counts of microglia, infiltrating T cells, and apoptotic neurons in the rats irradiated at 4 hrs. The noninvasive single-dose procedure of splenic irradiation performed within a time interval of up to 4 hours offers neuroprotection against ischemic stroke possibly by abrogating deployment of splenic cells to the brain.

Keywords: Cobalt-60; cerebral ischemia; lymphocyte; neuroinflammation; rats; spleen

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