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Jebaraj I, Chacko BR, Chiramel GK, et al. A simplified staging system based on the radiological findings in different stages of ochronotic spondyloarthropathy. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2013;23(1):101-5doi: 10.4103/0971-3026.113628.
Jebaraj, I., Chacko, B. R., Chiramel, G. K., Matthai, T., & Parameswaran, A. (2013). A simplified staging system based on the radiological findings in different stages of ochronotic spondyloarthropathy. The Indian journal of radiology & imaging, 23(1), 101-5. https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.113628
Jebaraj, Isaac, et al. "A simplified staging system based on the radiological findings in different stages of ochronotic spondyloarthropathy." The Indian journal of radiology & imaging vol. 23,1 (2013): 101-5. doi: https://doi.org/10.4103/0971-3026.113628
Jebaraj I, Chacko BR, Chiramel GK, Matthai T, Parameswaran A. A simplified staging system based on the radiological findings in different stages of ochronotic spondyloarthropathy. Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2013 Jan;23(1):101-5. doi: 10.4103/0971-3026.113628. PMID: 23986625; PMCID: PMC3737607.
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Indian J Radiol Imaging. 2013 Jan;23(1):101-5. doi: 10.4103/0971-3026.113628.

A simplified staging system based on the radiological findings in different stages of ochronotic spondyloarthropathy.

The Indian journal of radiology & imaging

Isaac Jebaraj, Binita Riya Chacko, George Koshy Chiramel, Thomas Matthai, Apurve Parameswaran

Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.

PMID: 23986625 PMCID: PMC3737607 DOI: 10.4103/0971-3026.113628

Abstract

This study describes a group of 26 patients with ochronotic spondyloarthropathy who were on regular treatment and follow-up at a tertiary level hospital and proposes a simplified staging system for ochronotic spondyloarthropathy based on radiographic findings seen in the thoracolumbar spine. This proposed classification makes it easy to identify the stage of the disease and start the appropriate management at an early stage. Four progressive stages are described: an inflammatory stage (stage 1), the stage of early discal calcification (stage 2), the stage of fibrous ankylosis (stage 3), and the stage of bony ankylosis (stage 4). To our knowledge, this is the largest reported series of radiological description of spinal ochronosis, and emphasizes the contribution of the spine radiograph in the diagnosis and staging of the disease.

Keywords: Alkaptonuria; ochronosis; spine

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