Display options
Share it on

Curr Neuropharmacol. 2013 Mar;11(2):218-30. doi: 10.2174/1570159X11311020008.

Vasopressin and oxytocin in control of the cardiovascular system.

Current neuropharmacology

Nina Japundžić-Žigon

Affiliations

  1. Professor of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Belgrade School of Medicine, Institute of Pharmacology, Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dr Subotica 1, Belgrade, Republic of Serbia.

PMID: 23997756 PMCID: PMC3637675 DOI: 10.2174/1570159X11311020008

Abstract

Vasopressin (VP) and oxytocin (OT) are mainly synthesized in the magnocellular neurons of the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus. Axons from the magnocellular part of the PVN and SON project to neurohypophysis where VP and OT are released in blood to act like hormones. Axons from the parvocellular part of PVN project to extra-hypothalamic brain areas (median eminence, limbic system, brainstem and spinal cord) where VP and OT act like neurotransmitters/modulators. VP and OT act in complementary manner in cardiovascular control, both as hormones and neurotransmitters. While VP conserves water and increases circulating blood volume, OT eliminates sodium. Hyperactivity of VP neurons and quiescence of OT neurons in PVN underlie osmotic adjustment to pregnancy. In most vascular beds VP is a potent vasoconstrictor, more potent than OT, except in the umbilical artery at term. The vasoconstriction by VP and OT is mediated via V1aR. In some vascular beds, i.e. the lungs and the brain, VP and OT produce NO dependent vasodilatation. Peripherally, VP has been found to enhance the sensitivity of the baro-receptor while centrally, VP and OT increase sympathetic outflow, suppresse baro-receptor reflex and enhance respiration. Whilst VP is an important mediator of stress that triggers ACTH release, OT exhibits anti-stress properties. Moreover, VP has been found to contribute considerably to progression of hypertension and heart failure while OT has been found to decrease blood pressure and promote cardiac healing.

Keywords: Vasopressin; baro-receptor reflex; blood pressure; heart failure.; hypertension; oxytocin; respiration; stress

References

  1. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2008 Dec;59 Suppl 8:27-45 - PubMed
  2. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2012 Nov;37(12):2712-9 - PubMed
  3. Neuron. 2012 Oct 4;76(1):142-59 - PubMed
  4. Endocrinology. 1997 Jul;138(7):2829-34 - PubMed
  5. Brain Res. 1991 Sep 13;559(1):10-6 - PubMed
  6. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jul 18;92(15):6783-7 - PubMed
  7. Neuroscience. 2004;126(1):9-19 - PubMed
  8. J Comp Neurol. 1985 Apr 15;234(3):344-64 - PubMed
  9. Circ Res. 1987 Oct;61(4 Pt 2):I76-81 - PubMed
  10. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993 Jul 22;689:346-62 - PubMed
  11. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1981 Sep-Oct;3(5):948-57 - PubMed
  12. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 May 23;97(11):6207-11 - PubMed
  13. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Oct 14;94(21):11704-9 - PubMed
  14. Neuropharmacology. 2008 Apr;54(5):824-36 - PubMed
  15. Regul Pept. 2007 Aug 16;142(3):86-94 - PubMed
  16. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2005 Sep;289(3):R789-97 - PubMed
  17. Physiol Rev. 2001 Jul;81(3):1197-267 - PubMed
  18. J Hypertens. 2008 Jul;26(7):1303-4 - PubMed
  19. Circ Res. 1974 Apr;34(4):505-14 - PubMed
  20. Am J Physiol. 1991 Oct;261(4 Pt 2):R1052-6 - PubMed
  21. Annu Rev Neurosci. 1983;6:269-324 - PubMed
  22. J Neuroendocrinol. 2012 Apr;24(4):539-53 - PubMed
  23. Am J Physiol. 1991 Jan;260(1 Pt 2):F46-52 - PubMed
  24. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 May 16;103(20):7807-12 - PubMed
  25. Neurosci Lett. 1996 Oct 18;217(2-3):101-4 - PubMed
  26. Circ Res. 1989 Nov;65(5):1390-9 - PubMed
  27. Acta Physiol Scand. 2003 Jan;177(1):57-67 - PubMed
  28. J Biol Chem. 1999 Nov 5;274(45):32248-57 - PubMed
  29. J Auton Nerv Syst. 1990 Jun;30(2):91-100 - PubMed
  30. J Neuroendocrinol. 2004 Apr;16(4):340-7 - PubMed
  31. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2009 Jul 31;7:79 - PubMed
  32. J Auton Nerv Syst. 1988 Dec;25(2-3):135-40 - PubMed
  33. Am J Physiol. 1980 Jul;239(1):R137-42 - PubMed
  34. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2002 Apr;282(4):R1006-15 - PubMed
  35. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2009 Nov;34(10):1542-53 - PubMed
  36. Prog Brain Res. 2008;170:365-77 - PubMed
  37. J Physiol. 1969 Jun;202(3):535-57 - PubMed
  38. J Neuroendocrinol. 2003 Dec;15(12):1156-63 - PubMed
  39. J Neurosci. 2004 Mar 24;24(12):2974-82 - PubMed
  40. Endocrinology. 2002 Feb;143(2):456-66 - PubMed
  41. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2000 Jun;278(6):F940-8 - PubMed
  42. J Neuroendocrinol. 1995 Jun;7(6):455-9 - PubMed
  43. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1990 Jan;15(1):114-7 - PubMed
  44. J Biol Chem. 1994 Feb 4;269(5):3304-10 - PubMed
  45. J Neuroendocrinol. 2012 Apr;24(4):609-28 - PubMed
  46. Am J Physiol. 1978 Oct;235(4):H361-6 - PubMed
  47. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2007 Jan;102(1):189-99 - PubMed
  48. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1997 Jan;24(1):102-8 - PubMed
  49. Hypertension. 2001 Feb;37(2 Pt 2):524-8 - PubMed
  50. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2003 Jan;24(1):27-61 - PubMed
  51. Fed Proc. 1984 Jan;43(1):80-6 - PubMed
  52. Circ Res. 1990 Aug;67(2):265-71 - PubMed
  53. J Endocrinol. 1998 Feb;156(2):223-9 - PubMed
  54. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2003 Feb;284(2):R259-76 - PubMed
  55. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1994 Dec;49(12 Suppl):S1-14 - PubMed
  56. Differentiation. 2009 Apr;77(4):377-85 - PubMed
  57. Anat Cell Biol. 2012 Jun;45(2):114-20 - PubMed
  58. J Neuroendocrinol. 2012 Apr;24(4):690-700 - PubMed
  59. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2001 Dec;281(6):H2328-36 - PubMed
  60. Physiol Rev. 2001 Apr;81(2):629-83 - PubMed
  61. Cardiovasc Res. 2001 Aug 15;51(3):391-402 - PubMed
  62. Hypertension. 1994 Feb;23(2):200-4 - PubMed
  63. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Aug;86(2):216-20 - PubMed
  64. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2005 Oct;30(10):1883-94 - PubMed
  65. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2003 Oct;285(4):R834-41 - PubMed
  66. J Physiol. 2010 Feb 15;588(Pt 4):725-40 - PubMed
  67. Brain Res. 1993 Jul 9;616(1-2):251-62 - PubMed
  68. J Neurosci. 1994 Sep;14(9):5381-92 - PubMed
  69. Circ Res. 1985 Mar;56(3):410-7 - PubMed
  70. Exp Physiol. 2011 Jun;96(6):574-89 - PubMed
  71. Endocrinology. 1992 Jul;131(1):533-5 - PubMed
  72. Neurosci Lett. 1997 May 2;226(3):179-82 - PubMed
  73. Psychosom Med. 2001 Sep-Oct;63(5):814-21 - PubMed
  74. J Auton Nerv Syst. 1997 Sep 10;66(1-2):15-8 - PubMed
  75. Hypertension. 1995 Nov;26(5):828-34 - PubMed
  76. Cardiovasc Res. 2001 Aug 15;51(3):409-15 - PubMed
  77. Neuropharmacology. 1982 Jul;21(7):687-93 - PubMed
  78. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1994 Feb;23(2):331-6 - PubMed
  79. J Biol Chem. 2001 Apr 20;276(16):13096-103 - PubMed
  80. J Neuroendocrinol. 2010 Nov;22(11):1173-80 - PubMed
  81. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2010 Nov 30;174(1-2):55-64 - PubMed
  82. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1983 May-Jun;10(3):289-92 - PubMed
  83. Hypertension. 1986 Jun;8(6 Pt 2):II157-62 - PubMed
  84. Brain Res. 1988 Feb 23;442(1):105-18 - PubMed
  85. Circ Res. 1980 Sep;47(3):346-55 - PubMed
  86. J Clin Invest. 2000 Apr;105(7):887-95 - PubMed
  87. Am J Physiol. 1990 Mar;258(3 Pt 2):H706-12 - PubMed
  88. Exp Physiol. 2004 Sep;89(5):549-57 - PubMed
  89. Nature. 1992 May 28;357(6376):333-5 - PubMed
  90. Am J Physiol. 1996 Jun;270(6 Pt 2):R1273-8 - PubMed
  91. Biol Psychol. 2011 Jul;87(3):340-9 - PubMed
  92. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2004 Sep-Dec;25(3-4):150-76 - PubMed
  93. Endocrinology. 2007 Feb;148(2):849-56 - PubMed
  94. Exp Physiol. 2000 Mar;85 Spec No:223S-231S - PubMed
  95. Clin Auton Res. 2005 Aug;15(4):254-63 - PubMed
  96. Brain Res. 1989 Jul 3;491(1):156-62 - PubMed
  97. J Auton Nerv Syst. 1989 Mar;26(2):129-34 - PubMed
  98. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Aug 30;91(18):8457-61 - PubMed
  99. Drugs. 2007;67(6):847-58 - PubMed
  100. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2001 Apr;363(4):369-75 - PubMed
  101. Endocrinology. 1994 Oct;135(4):1511-28 - PubMed
  102. Nature. 1992 Apr 9;356(6369):526-9 - PubMed
  103. Physiol Behav. 1996 Nov;60(5):1311-5 - PubMed
  104. Neuropharmacology. 2006 Jun;50(7):874-83 - PubMed
  105. J Auton Nerv Syst. 1993 Jun;43(3):247-55 - PubMed
  106. Neurosci Res. 2007 Jan;57(1):104-11 - PubMed
  107. Fed Proc. 1984 Jan;43(1):97-102 - PubMed
  108. Clin Exp Hypertens. 2001 May;23(4):277-92 - PubMed
  109. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2004 Dec;55(4):725-37 - PubMed
  110. Hypertension. 1979 Jan-Feb;1(1):31-8 - PubMed
  111. Behav Genet. 2002 Sep;32(5):301-14 - PubMed
  112. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2006 Feb;7(2):126-36 - PubMed
  113. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2002 Apr;282(4):H1223-8 - PubMed
  114. Am J Physiol. 1994 Nov;267(5 Pt 2):H1713-8 - PubMed
  115. Life Sci. 1987 Jan 19;40(3):233-8 - PubMed
  116. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002 Feb;92(2):826-34 - PubMed
  117. Endocrinology. 2001 Apr;142(4):1659-68 - PubMed
  118. J Pharmacol Sci. 2004 May;95(1):47-55 - PubMed
  119. Hypertension. 1988 Feb;11(2 Pt 2):I75-9 - PubMed
  120. Kidney Int. 2009 Nov;76(10):1035-9 - PubMed
  121. J Appl Physiol (1985). 1992 Aug;73(2):473-8 - PubMed
  122. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Oct;279(4):E886-92 - PubMed
  123. Am J Physiol. 1992 Mar;262(3 Pt 2):H743-7 - PubMed
  124. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Sep 16;105(37):14153-6 - PubMed
  125. Fed Proc. 1984 Dec;43(15):2941-3 - PubMed
  126. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2005 Jan;30(1):35-42 - PubMed
  127. Braz J Med Biol Res. 1998 Sep;31(9):1185-95 - PubMed
  128. Am J Physiol. 1995 Sep;269(3 Pt 2):R552-6 - PubMed
  129. Brain Res. 2001 Mar 23;895(1-2):33-40 - PubMed
  130. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1985 Jan-Feb;7(1):6-11 - PubMed
  131. J Neuroendocrinol. 2008 May;20(5):597-605 - PubMed
  132. Clin Exp Hypertens. 1998 May;20(4):359-88 - PubMed
  133. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Dec;11(10):406-10 - PubMed
  134. J Physiol Pharmacol. 2008 Dec;59 Suppl 8:123-7 - PubMed
  135. J Auton Nerv Syst. 1994 Dec 1;50(1):1-11 - PubMed
  136. Eur J Pharmacol. 2003 Feb 28;463(1-3):235-72 - PubMed
  137. Acta Physiol Scand. 2003 Jan;177(1):17-26 - PubMed
  138. Biol Reprod. 1994 Mar;50(3):622-8 - PubMed
  139. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1986 Jan;236(1):166-70 - PubMed
  140. Nature. 1992 Apr 9;356(6369):523-6 - PubMed
  141. Endocrinology. 1999 Mar;140(3):1301-9 - PubMed
  142. Lancet. 2007 Sep 22;370(9592):1089-100 - PubMed
  143. Prog Brain Res. 2002;139:275-9 - PubMed
  144. Physiol Behav. 1997 Feb;61(2):325-30 - PubMed
  145. Am J Physiol. 1990 Apr;258(4 Pt 2):R860-8 - PubMed
  146. J Clin Invest. 1989 Aug;84(2):418-26 - PubMed
  147. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1953 Nov;12(3):487-8 - PubMed
  148. Exp Physiol. 2005 Mar;90(2):169-73 - PubMed
  149. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2012 Feb;16(1):30-4 - PubMed
  150. J Hypertens. 1985 Dec;3(6):557-69 - PubMed
  151. J Neuroendocrinol. 2012 Apr;24(4):599-608 - PubMed
  152. Encephale. 2001 May-Jun;27(3):245-59 - PubMed
  153. Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Mar 8;558(1-3):144-50 - PubMed
  154. Am J Physiol. 1997 Oct;273(4):R1271-82 - PubMed
  155. J Comp Neurol. 2010 May 1;518(9):1460-99 - PubMed
  156. J Physiol. 1998 Nov 15;513 ( Pt 1):251-61 - PubMed
  157. Hypertension. 1996 Jan;27(1):136-43 - PubMed
  158. Biomed Tech (Berl). 2006 Oct;51(4):268-71 - PubMed
  159. Brain Res. 1988 Jun 28;454(1-2):123-30 - PubMed
  160. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2006 Dec;291(6):R1579-91 - PubMed
  161. Nature. 1992 May 28;357(6376):336-9 - PubMed
  162. Gend Med. 2012 Apr;9(2):61-7 - PubMed
  163. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1963 Jun 24;109:606-18 - PubMed
  164. J Physiol. 1979 Nov;296:267-75 - PubMed
  165. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Oct 27;95(22):13284-9 - PubMed
  166. Differentiation. 1995 Oct;59(3):163-9 - PubMed
  167. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Nov;81(22):7248-52 - PubMed
  168. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2001;41:175-202 - PubMed
  169. Cardiovasc Res. 2001 Aug 15;51(3):372-90 - PubMed
  170. Nat Genet. 1992 Oct;2(2):103-6 - PubMed
  171. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2006 Dec;291(6):H2847-56 - PubMed
  172. J Hypertens. 1998 Oct;16(10):1505-14 - PubMed
  173. Am J Physiol. 1999 Mar;276(3):R872-9 - PubMed
  174. Exp Physiol. 2002 Nov;87(6):663-74 - PubMed
  175. Prog Brain Res. 2000;122:61-78 - PubMed
  176. Respir Physiol Neurobiol. 2002 Oct 23;133(1-2):75-88 - PubMed
  177. Eur J Neurosci. 2002 Jan;15(2):384-8 - PubMed
  178. J Biol Chem. 1953 Dec;205(2):949-57 - PubMed
  179. Am J Physiol. 1994 Aug;267(2 Pt 2):H751-6 - PubMed
  180. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Nov 24;95(24):14558-63 - PubMed
  181. Am J Physiol. 1994 Nov;267(5 Pt 2):R1217-25 - PubMed
  182. J Biol Chem. 1994 Oct 28;269(43):27088-92 - PubMed
  183. Neurosci Lett. 1997 Aug 29;232(2):63-6 - PubMed
  184. J Neurosci. 2011 Apr 6;31(14):5470-6 - PubMed
  185. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1994;24 Suppl A:S6-11 - PubMed
  186. Eur J Pharmacol. 1994 Mar 15;267(1):71-5 - PubMed
  187. Endocrinology. 1983 Sep;113(3):939-42 - PubMed

Publication Types