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Siu KL, Chan CP, Kok KH, et al. Comparative analysis of the activation of unfolded protein response by spike proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and human coronavirus HKU1. Cell Biosci. 2014;4(1):3doi: 10.1186/2045-3701-4-3.
Siu, K. L., Chan, C. P., Kok, K. H., Woo, P. C., & Jin, D. Y. (2014). Comparative analysis of the activation of unfolded protein response by spike proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and human coronavirus HKU1. Cell & bioscience, 4(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1186/2045-3701-4-3
Siu, Kam-Leung, et al. "Comparative analysis of the activation of unfolded protein response by spike proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and human coronavirus HKU1." Cell & bioscience vol. 4,1 (2014): 3. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/2045-3701-4-3
Siu KL, Chan CP, Kok KH, Woo PC, Jin DY. Comparative analysis of the activation of unfolded protein response by spike proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and human coronavirus HKU1. Cell Biosci. 2014 Jan 13;4(1):3. doi: 10.1186/2045-3701-4-3. PMID: 24410900; PMCID: PMC3930072.
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Cell Biosci. 2014 Jan 13;4(1):3. doi: 10.1186/2045-3701-4-3.

Comparative analysis of the activation of unfolded protein response by spike proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and human coronavirus HKU1.

Cell & bioscience

Kam-Leung Siu, Ching-Ping Chan, Kin-Hang Kok, Patrick C-Y Woo, Dong-Yan Jin

Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, The University of Hong Kong, 3/F Laboratory Block, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong. [email protected].

PMID: 24410900 PMCID: PMC3930072 DOI: 10.1186/2045-3701-4-3

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Whereas severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is associated with severe disease, human coronavirus HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1) commonly circulates in the human populations causing generally milder illness. Spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV activates the unfolded protein response (UPR). It is not understood whether HCoV-HKU1 S protein has similar activity. In addition, the UPR-activating domain in SARS-CoV S protein remains to be identified.

RESULTS: In this study we compared S proteins of SARS-CoV and HCoV-HKU1 for their ability to activate the UPR. Both S proteins were found in the endoplasmic reticulum. Transmembrane serine protease TMPRSS2 catalyzed the cleavage of SARS-CoV S protein, but not the counterpart in HCoV-HKU1. Both S proteins showed a similar pattern of UPR-activating activity. Through PERK kinase they activated the transcription of UPR effector genes such as Grp78, Grp94 and CHOP. N-linked glycosylation was not required for the activation of the UPR by S proteins. S1 subunit of SARS-CoV but not its counterpart in HCoV-HKU1 was capable of activating the UPR. A central region (amino acids 201-400) of SARS-CoV S1 was required for this activity.

CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV and HCoV-HKU1 S proteins use distinct UPR-activating domains to exert the same modulatory effects on UPR signaling.

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