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Madsen IE, Hannerz H, Nyberg ST, et al. Study protocol for examining job strain as a risk factor for severe unipolar depression in an individual participant meta-analysis of 14 European cohorts. F1000Res. 2013;2:233doi: 10.12688/f1000research.2-233.v2.
Madsen, I. E., Hannerz, H., Nyberg, S. T., Magnusson Hanson, L. L., Ahola, K., Alfredsson, L., Batty, G. D., Bjorner, J. B., Borritz, M., Burr, H., Dragano, N., Ferrie, J. E., Hamer, M., Jokela, M., Knutsson, A., Koskenvuo, M., Koskinen, A., Leineweber, C., Nielsen, M. L., Nordin, M., Oksanen, T., Pejtersen, J. H., Pentti, J., Salo, P., Singh-Manoux, A., Suominen, S., Theorell, T., Toppinen-Tanner, S., Vahtera, J., Väänänen, A., Westerholm, P. J., Westerlund, H., Fransson, E., Heikkilä, K., Virtanen, M., Rugulies, R., Kivimäki, M. (2013). Study protocol for examining job strain as a risk factor for severe unipolar depression in an individual participant meta-analysis of 14 European cohorts. F1000Research, 2233. https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-233.v2
Madsen, Ida E H, et al. "Study protocol for examining job strain as a risk factor for severe unipolar depression in an individual participant meta-analysis of 14 European cohorts." F1000Research vol. 2 (2013): 233. doi: https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.2-233.v2
Madsen IE, Hannerz H, Nyberg ST, Magnusson Hanson LL, Ahola K, Alfredsson L, Batty GD, Bjorner JB, Borritz M, Burr H, Dragano N, Ferrie JE, Hamer M, Jokela M, Knutsson A, Koskenvuo M, Koskinen A, Leineweber C, Nielsen ML, Nordin M, Oksanen T, Pejtersen JH, Pentti J, Salo P, Singh-Manoux A, Suominen S, Theorell T, Toppinen-Tanner S, Vahtera J, Väänänen A, Westerholm PJ, Westerlund H, Fransson E, Heikkilä K, Virtanen M, Rugulies R, Kivimäki M. Study protocol for examining job strain as a risk factor for severe unipolar depression in an individual participant meta-analysis of 14 European cohorts. F1000Res. 2013 Nov 05;2:233. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.2-233.v2. eCollection 2013. PMID: 24627793; PMCID: PMC3938244.
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F1000Res. 2013 Nov 05;2:233. doi: 10.12688/f1000research.2-233.v2. eCollection 2013.

Study protocol for examining job strain as a risk factor for severe unipolar depression in an individual participant meta-analysis of 14 European cohorts.

F1000Research

Ida E H Madsen, Harald Hannerz, Solja T Nyberg, Linda L Magnusson Hanson, Kirsi Ahola, Lars Alfredsson, G David Batty, Jakob B Bjorner, Marianne Borritz, Hermann Burr, Nico Dragano, Jane E Ferrie, Mark Hamer, Markus Jokela, Anders Knutsson, Markku Koskenvuo, Aki Koskinen, Constanze Leineweber, Martin L Nielsen, Maria Nordin, Tuula Oksanen, Jan H Pejtersen, Jaana Pentti, Paula Salo, Archana Singh-Manoux, Sakari Suominen, Töres Theorell, Salla Toppinen-Tanner, Jussi Vahtera, Ari Väänänen, Peter J M Westerholm, Hugo Westerlund, Eleonor Fransson, Katriina Heikkilä, Marianna Virtanen, Reiner Rugulies, Mika Kivimäki,

Affiliations

  1. National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark.
  2. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland.
  3. Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden.
  4. Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden ; Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, SE-104 22, Sweden.
  5. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, GB-WC1E 6BT, UK ; Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, GB-EH8 9JZ, UK ; Alzheimer Scotland Dementia Research Centre, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, GB-EH8 9JZ, UK.
  6. Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, DK-2400, Denmark.
  7. Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (BAuA, Berlin, DE- 10317, Germany.
  8. Department of Medical Sociology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, DE-40225, Germany.
  9. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, GB-WC1E 6BT, UK ; School of Community and Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, GB-BS8 2PS, UK.
  10. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, GB-WC1E 6BT, UK.
  11. Institute of Behavioral Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland.
  12. Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, SE-851 70, Sweden.
  13. Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland.
  14. Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, SE-901 85, Sweden.
  15. The Danish National Centre for Social Research, Copenhagen, DK-1052, Denmark.
  16. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, GB-WC1E 6BT, UK ; Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, FI- 20014, Finland.
  17. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, GB-WC1E 6BT, UK ; Inserm U1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Villejuif, F-94807, France.
  18. Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, FI-00290, Finland ; Nordic School of Public Health, Göteborg, SE-402 42, Sweden ; Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20014, Finland.
  19. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland ; Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20014, Finland ; Turku University Hospital, Turku, FI-20520, Finland.
  20. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE- 751 85, Sweden.
  21. Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden ; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden ; School of Health Sciences, Jönköping University, Jönköping, SE- 553 18, Sweden.
  22. National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark ; Department of Public Health and Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-1353, Denmark.
  23. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, FI-00250, Finland ; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, GB-WC1E 6BT, UK ; Institute of Behavioral Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FI-00014, Finland.

PMID: 24627793 PMCID: PMC3938244 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.2-233.v2

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that gainfully employed individuals with high work demands and low control at work (denoted "job strain") are at increased risk of common mental disorders, including depression. Most existing studies have, however, measured depression using self-rated symptom scales that do not necessarily correspond to clinically diagnosed depression. In addition, a meta-analysis from 2008 indicated publication bias in the field.  

METHODS: This study protocol describes the planned design and analyses of an individual participant data meta-analysis, to examine whether job strain is associated with an increased risk of clinically diagnosed unipolar depression based on hospital treatment registers.  The study will be based on data from approximately 120,000 individuals who participated in 14 studies on work environment and health in 4 European countries. The self-reported working conditions data will be merged with national registers on psychiatric hospital treatment, primarily hospital admissions. Study-specific risk estimates for the association between job strain and depression will be calculated using Cox regressions. The study-specific risk estimates will be pooled using random effects meta-analysis.  

DISCUSSION: The planned analyses will help clarify whether job strain is associated with an increased risk of clinically diagnosed unipolar depression. As the analysis is based on pre-planned study protocols and an individual participant data meta-analysis, the pooled risk estimates will not be influenced by selective reporting and publication bias. However, the results of the planned study may only pertain to severe cases of unipolar depression, because of the outcome measure applied.

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