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Scott GD, Karns CM, Dow MW, et al. Enhanced peripheral visual processing in congenitally deaf humans is supported by multiple brain regions, including primary auditory cortex. Front Hum Neurosci. 2014;8:177doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00177.
Scott, G. D., Karns, C. M., Dow, M. W., Stevens, C., & Neville, H. J. (2014). Enhanced peripheral visual processing in congenitally deaf humans is supported by multiple brain regions, including primary auditory cortex. Frontiers in human neuroscience, 8177. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00177
Scott, Gregory D, et al. "Enhanced peripheral visual processing in congenitally deaf humans is supported by multiple brain regions, including primary auditory cortex." Frontiers in human neuroscience vol. 8 (2014): 177. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2014.00177
Scott GD, Karns CM, Dow MW, Stevens C, Neville HJ. Enhanced peripheral visual processing in congenitally deaf humans is supported by multiple brain regions, including primary auditory cortex. Front Hum Neurosci. 2014 Mar 26;8:177. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00177. eCollection 2014. PMID: 24723877; PMCID: PMC3972453.
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Front Hum Neurosci. 2014 Mar 26;8:177. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00177. eCollection 2014.

Enhanced peripheral visual processing in congenitally deaf humans is supported by multiple brain regions, including primary auditory cortex.

Frontiers in human neuroscience

Gregory D Scott, Christina M Karns, Mark W Dow, Courtney Stevens, Helen J Neville

Affiliations

  1. Brain Development Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oregon Eugene, OR, USA ; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Oregon Health and Science University Portland, OR, USA.
  2. Brain Development Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Oregon Eugene, OR, USA.
  3. Department of Psychology, Willamette University Salem, OR, USA.

PMID: 24723877 PMCID: PMC3972453 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00177

Abstract

Brain reorganization associated with altered sensory experience clarifies the critical role of neuroplasticity in development. An example is enhanced peripheral visual processing associated with congenital deafness, but the neural systems supporting this have not been fully characterized. A gap in our understanding of deafness-enhanced peripheral vision is the contribution of primary auditory cortex. Previous studies of auditory cortex that use anatomical normalization across participants were limited by inter-subject variability of Heschl's gyrus. In addition to reorganized auditory cortex (cross-modal plasticity), a second gap in our understanding is the contribution of altered modality-specific cortices (visual intramodal plasticity in this case), as well as supramodal and multisensory cortices, especially when target detection is required across contrasts. Here we address these gaps by comparing fMRI signal change for peripheral vs. perifoveal visual stimulation (11-15° vs. 2-7°) in congenitally deaf and hearing participants in a blocked experimental design with two analytical approaches: a Heschl's gyrus region of interest analysis and a whole brain analysis. Our results using individually-defined primary auditory cortex (Heschl's gyrus) indicate that fMRI signal change for more peripheral stimuli was greater than perifoveal in deaf but not in hearing participants. Whole-brain analyses revealed differences between deaf and hearing participants for peripheral vs. perifoveal visual processing in extrastriate visual cortex including primary auditory cortex, MT+/V5, superior-temporal auditory, and multisensory and/or supramodal regions, such as posterior parietal cortex (PPC), frontal eye fields, anterior cingulate, and supplementary eye fields. Overall, these data demonstrate the contribution of neuroplasticity in multiple systems including primary auditory cortex, supramodal, and multisensory regions, to altered visual processing in congenitally deaf adults.

Keywords: Heschl's gyrus; auditory cortex; deaf; fMRI; human; visual attention

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