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Front Immunol. 2014 Mar 03;5:79. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00079. eCollection 2014.

TLR Agonists as Modulators of the Innate Immune Response and Their Potential as Agents Against Infectious Disease.

Frontiers in immunology

Edin J Mifsud, Amabel C L Tan, David C Jackson

Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Melbourne, VIC , Australia.

PMID: 24624130 PMCID: PMC3939722 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00079

Abstract

Immunotherapies that can either activate or suppress innate immune responses are being investigated as treatments against infectious diseases and the pathology they can cause. The objective of these therapies is to elicit protective immune responses thereby limiting the harm inflicted by the pathogen. The Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway plays critical roles in numerous host immune defenses and has been identified as an immunotherapeutic target against the consequences of infectious challenge. This review focuses on some of the recent advances being made in the development of TLR-ligands as potential prophylactic and/or therapeutic agents.

Keywords: TLR agonists; cytokines and inflammation; immunomodulation; innate immunity; toll-like receptors

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