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Carmichael SL. Birth defects epidemiology. Eur J Med Genet. 2014;57(8):355-8doi: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.03.002.
Carmichael, S. L. (2014). Birth defects epidemiology. European journal of medical genetics, 57(8), 355-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.03.002
Carmichael, Suzan L. "Birth defects epidemiology." European journal of medical genetics vol. 57,8 (2014): 355-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.03.002
Carmichael SL. Birth defects epidemiology. Eur J Med Genet. 2014 Aug;57(8):355-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.03.002. Epub 2014 Mar 19. PMID: 24657225.
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Eur J Med Genet. 2014 Aug;57(8):355-8. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.03.002. Epub 2014 Mar 19.

Birth defects epidemiology.

European journal of medical genetics

Suzan L Carmichael

Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal & Developmental Medicine, Stanford University, 1265 Welch Road, Rm. X111, Stanford, CA 94305-5415, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 24657225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2014.03.002

Abstract

This article provides background information about epidemiologic methods and how they can be used to further our understanding of what causes birth defects. It briefly describes basic study designs and advantages and disadvantages of each, provides examples of how epidemiologic studies contribute to our current understanding of the etiologies of birth defects, and makes recommendations for future research.

Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Birth defects; Epidemiology; Genetics

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