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Carnevali L, Sgoifo A. Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise. Front Physiol. 2014;5:118doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00118.
Carnevali, L., & Sgoifo, A. (2014). Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise. Frontiers in physiology, 5118. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00118
Carnevali, Luca, and Sgoifo, Andrea. "Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise." Frontiers in physiology vol. 5 (2014): 118. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2014.00118
Carnevali L, Sgoifo A. Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise. Front Physiol. 2014 Mar 24;5:118. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00118. eCollection 2014. PMID: 24715877; PMCID: PMC3970013.
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Front Physiol. 2014 Mar 24;5:118. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00118. eCollection 2014.

Vagal modulation of resting heart rate in rats: the role of stress, psychosocial factors, and physical exercise.

Frontiers in physiology

Luca Carnevali, Andrea Sgoifo

Affiliations

  1. Stress Physiology Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, University of Parma Parma, Italy.

PMID: 24715877 PMCID: PMC3970013 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00118

Abstract

In humans, there are large individual differences in the levels of vagal modulation of resting heart rate (HR). High levels are a recognized index of cardiac health, whereas low levels are considered an important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Several factors are thought to contribute significantly to this inter-individual variability. While regular physical exercise seems to induce an increase in resting vagal tone, chronic life stress, and psychosocial factors such as negative moods and personality traits appear associated with vagal withdrawal. Preclinical research has been attempting to clarify such relationships and to provide insights into the neurobiological mechanisms underlying vagal tone impairment/enhancement. This paper focuses on rat studies that have explored the effects of stress, psychosocial factors and physical exercise on vagal modulation of resting HR. Results are discussed with regard to: (i) individual differences in resting vagal tone, cardiac stress reactivity and arrhythmia vulnerability; (ii) elucidation of the neurobiological determinants of resting vagal tone.

Keywords: anxiety; arrhythmias; autonomic nervous system; depression; exercise; heart rate variability; rat; stress

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