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Front Immunol. 2014 Apr 01;5:142. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00142. eCollection 2014.

Recognition strategies of group 3 innate lymphoid cells.

Frontiers in immunology

Monica Killig, Timor Glatzer, Chiara Romagnani

Affiliations

  1. Innate Immunity, Leibniz Institute, German Rheumatism Research Center , Berlin , Germany.

PMID: 24744763 PMCID: PMC3978353 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00142

Abstract

During the early phase of an inflammatory response, innate cells can use different strategies to sense environmental danger. These include the direct interaction of specific activating receptors with pathogen-encoded/danger molecules or the engagement of cytokine receptors by pro-inflammatory mediators produced by antigen presenting cells in the course of the infection. These general recognition strategies, which have been extensively described for innate myeloid cells, are shared by innate lymphoid cells (ILC), such as Natural Killer (NK) cells. The family of ILC has recently expanded with the discovery of group 2 (ILC2) and group 3 ILC (ILC3), which play an important role in the defense against extracellular pathogens. Although ILC3 and NK cells share some phenotypic characteristics, the recognition strategies employed by the various ILC3 subsets have been only partially characterized. In this review, we will describe and comparatively discuss how ILC3 sense environmental cues and how the triggering of different receptors may regulate their functional behavior during an immune response.

Keywords: AHR; ILC3; NCR; NKp44; RORĪ³t; innate lymphoid cells

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