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Molofsky J, Keller SR, Lavergne S, et al. Human-aided admixture may fuel ecosystem transformation during biological invasions: theoretical and experimental evidence. Ecol Evol. 2014;4(7):899-910doi: 10.1002/ece3.966.
Molofsky, J., Keller, S. R., Lavergne, S., Kaproth, M. A., & Eppinga, M. B. (2014). Human-aided admixture may fuel ecosystem transformation during biological invasions: theoretical and experimental evidence. Ecology and evolution, 4(7), 899-910. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.966
Molofsky, Jane, et al. "Human-aided admixture may fuel ecosystem transformation during biological invasions: theoretical and experimental evidence." Ecology and evolution vol. 4,7 (2014): 899-910. doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.966
Molofsky J, Keller SR, Lavergne S, Kaproth MA, Eppinga MB. Human-aided admixture may fuel ecosystem transformation during biological invasions: theoretical and experimental evidence. Ecol Evol. 2014 Apr;4(7):899-910. doi: 10.1002/ece3.966. Epub 2014 Feb 23. PMID: 24772269; PMCID: PMC3997308.
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Ecol Evol. 2014 Apr;4(7):899-910. doi: 10.1002/ece3.966. Epub 2014 Feb 23.

Human-aided admixture may fuel ecosystem transformation during biological invasions: theoretical and experimental evidence.

Ecology and evolution

Jane Molofsky, Stephen R Keller, Sébastien Lavergne, Matthew A Kaproth, Maarten B Eppinga

Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont Burlington, Vermont, 05405.
  2. Appalachian Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science Frostburg, Maryland, 21532.
  3. Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) UMR 5553 CNRS - Université Joseph Fourier BP 53 Grenoble Cedex 9, 38041, France.
  4. Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont Burlington, Vermont, 05405 ; Department of Ecology, Evolution & Behavior, University of Minnesota Saint Paul, Minnesota, 55108.
  5. Department of Environmental Science, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University Utrecht, TC 3508, The Netherlands.

PMID: 24772269 PMCID: PMC3997308 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.966

Abstract

Biological invasions can transform our understanding of how the interplay of historical isolation and contemporary (human-aided) dispersal affects the structure of intraspecific diversity in functional traits, and in turn, how changes in functional traits affect other scales of biological organization such as communities and ecosystems. Because biological invasions frequently involve the admixture of previously isolated lineages as a result of human-aided dispersal, studies of invasive populations can reveal how admixture results in novel genotypes and shifts in functional trait variation within populations. Further, because invasive species can be ecosystem engineers within invaded ecosystems, admixture-induced shifts in the functional traits of invaders can affect the composition of native biodiversity and alter the flow of resources through the system. Thus, invasions represent promising yet under-investigated examples of how the effects of short-term evolutionary changes can cascade across biological scales of diversity. Here, we propose a conceptual framework that admixture between divergent source populations during biological invasions can reorganize the genetic variation underlying key functional traits, leading to shifts in the mean and variance of functional traits within invasive populations. Changes in the mean or variance of key traits can initiate new ecological feedback mechanisms that result in a critical transition from a native ecosystem to a novel invasive ecosystem. We illustrate the application of this framework with reference to a well-studied plant model system in invasion biology and show how a combination of quantitative genetic experiments, functional trait studies, whole ecosystem field studies and modeling can be used to explore the dynamics predicted to trigger these critical transitions.

Keywords: Admixture; Phalaris arundinacea; critical transitions; dynamics; ecosystems; feedbacks; functional traits; invasive species; thresholds

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