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Transl Oncol. 2014 Apr;7(2):206-12. doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2014.02.018. Epub 2014 Apr 17.

An Aggressive Hypoxia Related Subpopulation of Melanoma Cells is TRP-2 Negative.

Translational oncology

Daniela Lenggenhager, Alessandra Curioni-Fontecedro, Martina Storz, Olga Shakhova, Lukas Sommer, Daniel S Widmer, Burkhardt Seifert, Holger Moch, Reinhard Dummer, Daniela Mihic-Probst

Affiliations

  1. Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
  2. Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
  3. Institute of Anatomy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
  4. Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
  5. Division of Biostatistics, Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
  6. Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 24746711 PMCID: PMC4101291 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2014.02.018

Abstract

Despite existing vaccination strategies targeting TRP-2, its function is not yet fully understood. TRP-2 is an enzyme involved in melanin biosynthesis and therefore discussed as a differentiation antigen. However, in mice Trp-2 was shown to be expressed in melanocyte stem cells of the hair follicle and therefore also considered as an indicator of stemness. A proper understanding of the TRP-2 function is crucial, considering a vaccination targeting cells with stemness properties would be highly effective in contrast to a therapy targeting differentiated melanoma cells. Analysing over 200 melanomas including primaries, partly matched metastases and patients' cell cultures we show that TRP-2 is correlated with Melan A expression and decreases with tumor progression. In mice it is expressed in differentiated melanocytes as well as in stem cells. Furthermore, we identify a TRP-2 negative, proliferative, hypoxia related cell subpopulation which is significantly associated with tumor thickness and diseases progression. Patients with a higher percentage of those cells have a less favourable tumor specific survival. Our findings underline that TRP-2 is a differentiation antigen, highlighting the importance to combine TRP-2 vaccination with other strategies targeting the aggressive undifferentiated hypoxia related subpopulation.

Copyright © 2014 Neoplasia Press, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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