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Azmin S, Khairul Anuar AM, Tan HJ, et al. Nonmotor symptoms in a malaysian Parkinson's disease population. Parkinsons Dis. 2014;2014:472157doi: 10.1155/2014/472157.
Azmin, S., Khairul Anuar, A. M., Tan, H. J., Nafisah, W. Y., Raymond, A. A., Hanita, O., Shah, S. A., & Norlinah, M. I. (2014). Nonmotor symptoms in a malaysian Parkinson's disease population. Parkinson's disease, 2014472157. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/472157
Azmin, Shahrul, et al. "Nonmotor symptoms in a malaysian Parkinson's disease population." Parkinson's disease vol. 2014 (2014): 472157. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/472157
Azmin S, Khairul Anuar AM, Tan HJ, Nafisah WY, Raymond AA, Hanita O, Shah SA, Norlinah MI. Nonmotor symptoms in a malaysian Parkinson's disease population. Parkinsons Dis. 2014;2014:472157. doi: 10.1155/2014/472157. Epub 2014 Apr 01. PMID: 24800102; PMCID: PMC3995174.
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Parkinsons Dis. 2014;2014:472157. doi: 10.1155/2014/472157. Epub 2014 Apr 01.

Nonmotor symptoms in a malaysian Parkinson's disease population.

Parkinson's disease

Shahrul Azmin, Abdul Manaf Khairul Anuar, Hui Jan Tan, Wan Yahya Nafisah, Azman Ali Raymond, Othman Hanita, Shamsul Azhar Shah, Mohamed Ibrahim Norlinah

Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  2. Department of Pathology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
  3. Department of Public Health, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

PMID: 24800102 PMCID: PMC3995174 DOI: 10.1155/2014/472157

Abstract

Background. The nonmotor symptoms are important determinants of health and quality of life in Parkinson's disease but are not well recognized and addressed in clinical practice. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of nonmotor symptoms and their impact on quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease. Methods. This was a cross-sectional study among patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Exclusion criteria were a Mini Mental State Examination score of <21/30. Prevalence of nonmotor symptoms was determined using the NMSQuest. The severity of nonmotor symptoms and the quality of life were assessed using validated disease-specific questionnaires (PDQ-39 and NMSS). Results. A total of 113 patients consisting of 60 males and 53 females were recruited. The median duration of illness was 5.0 (2.0-8.0) years. The prevalence rate of nonmotor symptoms in our cohort was 97.3%. The most common reported nonmotor symptom in our cohort was gastrointestinal (76.1%). We found that the severity of the nonmotor symptoms was associated with poorer quality of life scores (r s : 0.727, P < 0.001). Conclusions. Nonmotor symptoms were highly prevalent in our patients with Parkinson's disease and adversely affected the quality of life of our patients. In contrast to western studies, the most common nonmotor symptom is gastrointestinal. The possibility of an Asian diet playing a role in this observation requires further study.

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