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Sharma U, Pal D, Prasad R. Alkaline phosphatase: an overview. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2013;29(3):269-78doi: 10.1007/s12291-013-0408-y.
Sharma, U., Pal, D., & Prasad, R. (2014). Alkaline phosphatase: an overview. Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB, 29(3), 269-78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-013-0408-y
Sharma, Ujjawal, et al. "Alkaline phosphatase: an overview." Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB vol. 29,3 (2014): 269-78. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-013-0408-y
Sharma U, Pal D, Prasad R. Alkaline phosphatase: an overview. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2014 Jul;29(3):269-78. doi: 10.1007/s12291-013-0408-y. Epub 2013 Nov 26. PMID: 24966474; PMCID: PMC4062654.
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Indian J Clin Biochem. 2014 Jul;29(3):269-78. doi: 10.1007/s12291-013-0408-y. Epub 2013 Nov 26.

Alkaline phosphatase: an overview.

Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB

Ujjawal Sharma, Deeksha Pal, Rajendra Prasad

Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.

PMID: 24966474 PMCID: PMC4062654 DOI: 10.1007/s12291-013-0408-y

Abstract

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP; E.C.3.I.3.1.) is an ubiquitous membrane-bound glycoprotein that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphate monoesters at basic pH values. Alkaline phosphatase is divided into four isozymes depending upon the site of tissue expression that are Intestinal ALP, Placental ALP, Germ cell ALP and tissue nonspecific alkaline phosphatase or liver/bone/kidney (L/B/K) ALP. The intestinal and placental ALP loci are located near the end of long arm of chromosome 2 and L/B/K ALP is located near the end of the short arm of chromosome 1. Although ALPs are present in many mammalian tissues and have been studied for the last several years still little is known about them. The bone isoenzyme may be involved in mammalian bone calcification and the intestinal isoenzyme is thought to play a role in the transport of phosphate into epithelial cells of the intestine. In this review, we tried to provide an overview about the various forms, structure and functions of alkaline phosphatase with special focus on liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase.

Keywords: Alkaline phosphatase; Enzymes; Intestinal alkaline phosphatase; Isoenzymes; L/B/K alkaline phosphatase; Liver alkaline phosphatase; Placental alkaline phosphatase

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