Display options
Share it on

Front Psychol. 2014 Apr 30;5:386. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00386. eCollection 2014.

Picturing perspectives: development of perspective-taking abilities in 4- to 8-year-olds.

Frontiers in psychology

Andrea Frick, Wenke Möhring, Nora S Newcombe

Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Temple University Philadelphia, PA, USA ; Department of Psychology, University of Bern Bern, Switzerland.
  2. Department of Psychology, Temple University Philadelphia, PA, USA.

PMID: 24817860 PMCID: PMC4012199 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00386

Abstract

Although the development of perspective taking has been well researched, there is no uniform methodology for assessing this ability across a wide age span when frames of reference conflict. To address this gap, we created scenes of toy photographers taking pictures of layouts of objects from different angles, and presented them to 4- to 8-year-olds (N = 80). Children were asked to choose which one of four pictures could have been taken from a specific viewpoint. Results showed that this new technique confirmed the classic pattern of developmental progress on this kind of spatial skill: (1) 4-year-olds responded near chance level, regardless of layout complexity, (2) there was a growing ability to inhibit egocentric choices around age 6 with layouts of low complexity (one object), (3) performance increased and egocentric responses decreased dramatically around age 7, (4) even at age 8, children still showed considerable individual variability. This perspective taking task can thus be used to address important questions about the supports for early spatial development and the structure of early intellect.

Keywords: child; cognitive development; perspective taking; reference frame; spatial cognition; viewpoint

References

  1. Child Dev. 2012 Mar-Apr;83(2):452-60 - PubMed
  2. Child Dev. 2011 Mar-Apr;82(2):661-73 - PubMed
  3. J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2000 Jan;26(1):151-68 - PubMed
  4. Cognition. 2006 Aug;101(1):153-72 - PubMed
  5. Cognition. 1999 Mar 1;70(2):191-210 - PubMed
  6. Dev Psychol. 2013 Apr;49(4):646-54 - PubMed
  7. Child Dev. 1986 Feb;57(1):125-35 - PubMed
  8. Child Dev. 1974 Jun;45(2):357-66 - PubMed
  9. Cogn Psychol. 1979 Jul;11(3):375-94 - PubMed
  10. Child Dev. 1981 Sep;52(3):921-4 - PubMed
  11. Child Dev. 1985 Oct;56(5):1204-13 - PubMed
  12. Adv Child Dev Behav. 1989;22:203-47 - PubMed
  13. Child Dev. 1974 Jun;45(2):496-8 - PubMed
  14. Dev Sci. 2007 Mar;10(2):199-204 - PubMed
  15. Child Dev. 1980 Dec;51(4):1303-6 - PubMed
  16. Child Dev. 1972 Sep;43(3):1041-6 - PubMed

Publication Types