Display options
Share it on

Front Hum Neurosci. 2014 Jul 15;8:508. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00508. eCollection 2014.

Stereological estimation of total cell numbers in the human cerebral and cerebellar cortex.

Frontiers in human neuroscience

Solveig Walløe, Bente Pakkenberg, Katrine Fabricius

Affiliations

  1. Research Laboratory for Stereology and Neuroscience, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, University of Copenhagen Copenhagen, Denmark.

PMID: 25076882 PMCID: PMC4097828 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2014.00508

Abstract

Our knowledge of the relationship between brain structure and cognitive function is still limited. Human brains and individual cortical areas vary considerably in size and shape. Studies of brain cell numbers have historically been based on biased methods, which did not always result in correct estimates and were often very time-consuming. Within the last 20-30 years, it has become possible to rely on more advanced and unbiased methods. These methods have provided us with information about fetal brain development, differences in cell numbers between men and women, the effect of age on selected brain cell populations, and disease-related changes associated with a loss of function. In that this article concerns normal brain rather than brain disorders, it focuses on normal brain development in humans and age related changes in terms of cell numbers. For comparative purposes a few examples of neocortical neuron number in other mammals are also presented.

Keywords: cell numbers; development; human brain; neocortex; stereology

References

  1. J Comp Neurol. 2003 Nov 17;466(3):356-65 - PubMed
  2. J Comp Neurol. 1997 Jul 28;384(2):312-20 - PubMed
  3. Behav Processes. 2001 Apr 26;53(3):181-190 - PubMed
  4. J Microsc. 1999 Mar;193(Pt 3):199-211 - PubMed
  5. Neuroreport. 1994 Sep 8;5(14):1718-20 - PubMed
  6. Cereb Cortex. 2011 Jul;21(7):1485-97 - PubMed
  7. Early Hum Dev. 1990 Jun;23(1):27-40 - PubMed
  8. Alcohol Alcohol. 2007 Sep-Oct;42(5):400-6 - PubMed
  9. Med Image Anal. 2006 Jun;10(3):397-412 - PubMed
  10. J Neurosci Methods. 1990 Feb;31(2):93-100 - PubMed
  11. Neurobiol Aging. 2013 Jan;34(1):91-9 - PubMed
  12. J Comp Neurol. 2005 Oct 17;491(2):109-22 - PubMed
  13. Anat Rec. 1991 Dec;231(4):482-97 - PubMed
  14. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2003;16(4):212-9 - PubMed
  15. J Comp Neurol. 1990 Jun 1;296(1):1-22 - PubMed
  16. Science. 2000 Aug 25;289(5483):1355-7 - PubMed
  17. Brain Behav Evol. 2004;63(4):233-46 - PubMed
  18. J Exp Biol. 2006 Apr;209(Pt 8):1454-62 - PubMed
  19. J Neurosci. 2005 Mar 9;25(10):2518-21 - PubMed
  20. Neurobiol Aging. 1993 Jul-Aug;14(4):275-85 - PubMed
  21. Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2007 Mar;290(3):330-40 - PubMed
  22. Cereb Cortex. 2011 Nov;21(11):2519-24 - PubMed
  23. Science. 1988 Jul 8;241(4862):170-6 - PubMed
  24. Trends Cogn Sci. 2014 Jan;18(1):46-55 - PubMed
  25. APMIS. 1988 May;96(5):379-94 - PubMed
  26. Proc Biol Sci. 1998 Feb 7;265(1392):227-33 - PubMed
  27. J Microsc. 1986 Jul;143(Pt 1):3-45 - PubMed
  28. J Comp Neurol. 1972 May;145(1):61-83 - PubMed
  29. Nature. 2002 Jun 6;417(6889):645-9 - PubMed
  30. Brain Behav Evol. 2000 Jun;55(6):336-44 - PubMed
  31. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Feb 27;104(9):3562-7 - PubMed
  32. Prog Neurobiol. 2003 Jan;69(1):49-69 - PubMed
  33. Neurobiol Aging. 2008 Nov;29(11):1754-62 - PubMed
  34. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Sep 12;103(37):13606-11 - PubMed
  35. J Comp Neurol. 1987 Sep 15;263(3):365-86 - PubMed
  36. Lancet. 1993 Nov 13;342(8881):1201-4 - PubMed
  37. Arch Dis Child. 1973 Oct;48(10):757-67 - PubMed
  38. J Comp Neurol. 2009 Apr 10;513(5):532-41 - PubMed
  39. Cereb Cortex. 2003 Feb;13(2):115-22 - PubMed
  40. Nature. 2005 Mar 24;434(7032):455-6 - PubMed
  41. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Apr 12;102(15):5460-5 - PubMed
  42. J Appl Physiol. 1962 Mar;17:343-8 - PubMed
  43. APMIS. 1995 Jul-Aug;103(7-8):525-9 - PubMed
  44. Brain Struct Funct. 2014 Jul;219(4):1271-86 - PubMed
  45. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1986 May;21(5-6):347-55 - PubMed
  46. Neurobiol Aging. 1994 May-Jun;15(3):347-52 - PubMed
  47. Science. 1964 Dec 11;146(3650):1483-6 - PubMed
  48. Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2007 Jan;290(1):83-95 - PubMed
  49. Anat Rec (Hoboken). 2010 Dec;293(12):2129-35 - PubMed
  50. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008 Feb;9(2):110-22 - PubMed
  51. Neuroscience. 2006;139(3):999-1003 - PubMed
  52. J Neurosci Methods. 2000 Feb 15;95(2):171-6 - PubMed
  53. APMIS. 1988 Oct;96(10):857-81 - PubMed
  54. Cereb Cortex. 2003 Jun;13(6):541-9 - PubMed
  55. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2011 Apr;1225:191-9 - PubMed

Publication Types