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Smith TP, Haymond T, Smith SN, et al. Evidence for the endothelin system as an emerging therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic pain. J Pain Res. 2014;7:531-45doi: 10.2147/JPR.S65923.
Smith, T. P., Haymond, T., Smith, S. N., & Sweitzer, S. M. (2014). Evidence for the endothelin system as an emerging therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic pain. Journal of pain research, 7531-45. https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S65923
Smith, Terika P, et al. "Evidence for the endothelin system as an emerging therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic pain." Journal of pain research vol. 7 (2014): 531-45. doi: https://doi.org/10.2147/JPR.S65923
Smith TP, Haymond T, Smith SN, Sweitzer SM. Evidence for the endothelin system as an emerging therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic pain. J Pain Res. 2014 Aug 30;7:531-45. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S65923. eCollection 2014. PMID: 25210474; PMCID: PMC4155994.
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J Pain Res. 2014 Aug 30;7:531-45. doi: 10.2147/JPR.S65923. eCollection 2014.

Evidence for the endothelin system as an emerging therapeutic target for the treatment of chronic pain.

Journal of pain research

Terika P Smith, Tami Haymond, Sherika N Smith, Sarah M Sweitzer

Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
  2. Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA ; Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, Presbyterian College School of Pharmacy, Clinton, SC, USA.

PMID: 25210474 PMCID: PMC4155994 DOI: 10.2147/JPR.S65923

Abstract

Many people worldwide suffer from pain and a portion of these sufferers are diagnosed with a chronic pain condition. The management of chronic pain continues to be a challenge, and despite taking prescribed medication for pain, patients continue to have pain of moderate severity. Current pain therapies are often inadequate, with side effects that limit medication adherence. There is a need to identify novel therapeutic targets for the management of chronic pain. One potential candidate for the treatment of chronic pain is therapies aimed at modulating the vasoactive peptide endothelin-1. In addition to vasoactive properties, endothelin-1 has been implicated in pain transmission in both humans and animal models of nociception. Endothelin-1 directly activates nociceptors and potentiates the effect of other algogens, including capsaicin, formalin, and arachidonic acid. In addition, endothelin-1 has been shown to be involved in inflammatory pain, cancer pain, neuropathic pain, diabetic neuropathy, and pain associated with sickle cell disease. Therefore, endothelin-1 may prove a novel therapeutic target for the relief of many types of chronic pain.

Keywords: acute pain; chronic pain; endothelin receptor antagonists; endothelin-1

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