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Schölzel BE, Snijder RJ, Mager JJ, et al. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Neth Heart J. 2014;22(12):533-41doi: 10.1007/s12471-014-0592-2.
Schölzel, B. E., Snijder, R. J., Mager, J. J., van Es, H. W., Plokker, H. W., Reesink, H. J., Morshuis, W. J., & Post, M. C. (2014). Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Netherlands heart journal : monthly journal of the Netherlands Society of Cardiology and the Netherlands Heart Foundation, 22(12), 533-41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12471-014-0592-2
Schölzel, B E, et al. "Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension." Netherlands heart journal : monthly journal of the Netherlands Society of Cardiology and the Netherlands Heart Foundation vol. 22,12 (2014): 533-41. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12471-014-0592-2
Schölzel BE, Snijder RJ, Mager JJ, van Es HW, Plokker HW, Reesink HJ, Morshuis WJ, Post MC. Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Neth Heart J. 2014 Dec;22(12):533-41. doi: 10.1007/s12471-014-0592-2. PMID: 25169577; PMCID: PMC4391185.
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Neth Heart J. 2014 Dec;22(12):533-41. doi: 10.1007/s12471-014-0592-2.

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.

Netherlands heart journal : monthly journal of the Netherlands Society of Cardiology and the Netherlands Heart Foundation

B E Schölzel, R J Snijder, J J Mager, H W van Es, H W M Plokker, H J Reesink, W J Morshuis, M C Post

Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Amphia Hospital, Molengracht 21, 4818, CK, Breda, the Netherlands.

PMID: 25169577 PMCID: PMC4391185 DOI: 10.1007/s12471-014-0592-2

Abstract

Chronic pulmonary thromboembolic disease is an important cause of severe pulmonary hypertension, and as such is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The prognosis of this condition reflects the degree of associated right ventricular dysfunction, with predictable mortality related to the severity of the underlying pulmonary hypertension. Left untreated, the prognosis is poor. Pulmonary endarterectomy is the treatment of choice to relieve pulmonary artery obstruction in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and has been remarkably successful. Advances in surgical techniques along with the introduction of pulmonary hypertension-specific medication provide therapeutic options for the majority of patients afflicted with the disease. However, a substantial number of patients are not candidates for pulmonary endarterectomy due to either distal pulmonary vascular obstruction or significant comorbidities. Therefore, careful selection of surgical candidates in expert centres is paramount. The current review focuses on the diagnostic approach to chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension and the available surgical and medical therapeutic options.

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