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Machetta F, Fea AM, Actis AG, et al. In vivo confocal microscopic evaluation of corneal langerhans cells in dry eye patients. Open Ophthalmol J. 2014;8:51-9doi: 10.2174/1874364101408010051.
Machetta, F., Fea, A. M., Actis, A. G., de Sanctis, U., Dalmasso, P., & Grignolo, F. M. (2014). In vivo confocal microscopic evaluation of corneal langerhans cells in dry eye patients. The open ophthalmology journal, 851-9. https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101408010051
Machetta, Federica, et al. "In vivo confocal microscopic evaluation of corneal langerhans cells in dry eye patients." The open ophthalmology journal vol. 8 (2014): 51-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.2174/1874364101408010051
Machetta F, Fea AM, Actis AG, de Sanctis U, Dalmasso P, Grignolo FM. In vivo confocal microscopic evaluation of corneal langerhans cells in dry eye patients. Open Ophthalmol J. 2014 Oct 03;8:51-9. doi: 10.2174/1874364101408010051. eCollection 2014. PMID: 25317216; PMCID: PMC4195179.
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Open Ophthalmol J. 2014 Oct 03;8:51-9. doi: 10.2174/1874364101408010051. eCollection 2014.

In vivo confocal microscopic evaluation of corneal langerhans cells in dry eye patients.

The open ophthalmology journal

Federica Machetta, Antonio M Fea, Alessandro G Actis, Ugo de Sanctis, Paola Dalmasso, Federico M Grignolo

Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Torino, Italy.
  2. Department of Public Health and Microbiology, Turin University, Italy.

PMID: 25317216 PMCID: PMC4195179 DOI: 10.2174/1874364101408010051

Abstract

PURPOSE: To assess inflammatory involvement of cornea in dry eye by means of confocal microscopy, evaluating the presence and distribution of Langherans cells (LCs).

METHODS: 98 eyes of 49 subjects were enrolled: 18 subjects affected by Sjögren Syndrome Dry Eye (SSDE), 17 with Non-Sjögren Syndrome Dry Eye (NSSDE), 14 healthy volunteeers. Dry eye symptoms, tear film, ocular surface damage and corneal confocal microscopy were analized.

RESULTS: A significant increase of LCs density was observed at sub-basal nerve plexus (SSDE = 79 cells/mm(2) andNDE = 22 cells/mm(2); p = 0,0031) and sub-epithelial nerve plexus (SSDE = 38 cells/mm(2) and NDE = 3 cells/mm(2); p = 0,0169) in central cornea of SSDE group. An increased number of LCs from the center to the periphery of the cornea was observed, significant only in healthy volunteers group. In dry eye patients there was an increase in LCs density in both peripheral and central cornea with a significant difference between NDE (14,66 cells/mm(2)) and SSDE (56,66 cells/mm(2)) only in central cornea (p = 0,0028). In SSDE group, mean density of LCs in central cornea results also superior to NSSDE group (29,33 cells/mm(2)). There was no correlation between LCs density and dry eye symptoms, tear film deficiency and ocular surface damage.

CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the activation of an inflammatory and immunological reaction in cornea of NSSDE and SSDE patients. Confocal microscopy can be an important diagnostic tool in evaluation and follow-up of dry eye disease.

Keywords: Confocal microscopy; cornea; dry eye; langherans cells; sj gren.

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