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Cloud JE, Wang Y, Li X, et al. Lithium silicide nanocrystals: synthesis, chemical stability, thermal stability, and carbon encapsulation. Inorg Chem. 2014;53(20):11289-97doi: 10.1021/ic501923s.
Cloud, J. E., Wang, Y., Li, X., Yoder, T. S., Yang, Y., & Yang, Y. (2014). Lithium silicide nanocrystals: synthesis, chemical stability, thermal stability, and carbon encapsulation. Inorganic chemistry, 53(20), 11289-97. https://doi.org/10.1021/ic501923s
Cloud, Jacqueline E, et al. "Lithium silicide nanocrystals: synthesis, chemical stability, thermal stability, and carbon encapsulation." Inorganic chemistry vol. 53,20 (2014): 11289-97. doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/ic501923s
Cloud JE, Wang Y, Li X, Yoder TS, Yang Y, Yang Y. Lithium silicide nanocrystals: synthesis, chemical stability, thermal stability, and carbon encapsulation. Inorg Chem. 2014 Oct 20;53(20):11289-97. doi: 10.1021/ic501923s. Epub 2014 Sep 29. PMID: 25265365.
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Inorg Chem. 2014 Oct 20;53(20):11289-97. doi: 10.1021/ic501923s. Epub 2014 Sep 29.

Lithium silicide nanocrystals: synthesis, chemical stability, thermal stability, and carbon encapsulation.

Inorganic chemistry

Jacqueline E Cloud, Yonglong Wang, Xuemin Li, Tara S Yoder, Yuan Yang, Yongan Yang

Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry, Colorado School of Mines , 1012 14th Street, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States.

PMID: 25265365 DOI: 10.1021/ic501923s

Abstract

Lithium silicide (LixSi) is the lithiated form of silicon, one of the most promising anode materials for the next generation of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In contrast to silicon, LixSi has not been well studied. Herein we report a facile high-energy ball-milling-based synthesis of four phase-pure LixSi (x = 4.4, 3.75, 3.25, and 2.33), using hexane as the lubricant. Surprisingly, the obtained Li3.75Si phase shows significant downward shifts in all X-ray diffraction peak positions, compared with the standard. Our interpretation is that the high-energy ball-mill-synthesized Li3.75Si presents smaller internal pressures and larger lattice constants. The chemical-stability study reveals that only surface reactions occur after Li4.4Si and Li3.75Si are immersed in several battery-assembly-related chemicals. The thermal-stability study shows that Li4.4Si is stable up to 350 °C and Li3.75Si is stable up to 200 °C. This remarkable thermal stability of Li3.75Si is in stark contrast to the long-observed metastability for electrochemically synthesized Li3.75Si. The carbon encapsulation of Li4.4Si has also been studied for its potential applications in LIBs.

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