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Kim SE, Hinoue T, Kim MS, et al. γ-Glutamyl hydrolase modulation significantly influences global and gene-specific DNA methylation and gene expression in human colon and breast cancer cells. Genes Nutr. 2014;10(1):444doi: 10.1007/s12263-014-0444-0.
Kim, S. E., Hinoue, T., Kim, M. S., Sohn, K. J., Cho, R. C., Cole, P. D., Weisenberger, D. J., Laird, P. W., & Kim, Y. I. (2015). γ-Glutamyl hydrolase modulation significantly influences global and gene-specific DNA methylation and gene expression in human colon and breast cancer cells. Genes & nutrition, 10(1), 444. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-014-0444-0
Kim, Sung-Eun, et al. "γ-Glutamyl hydrolase modulation significantly influences global and gene-specific DNA methylation and gene expression in human colon and breast cancer cells." Genes & nutrition vol. 10,1 (2015): 444. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-014-0444-0
Kim SE, Hinoue T, Kim MS, Sohn KJ, Cho RC, Cole PD, Weisenberger DJ, Laird PW, Kim YI. γ-Glutamyl hydrolase modulation significantly influences global and gene-specific DNA methylation and gene expression in human colon and breast cancer cells. Genes Nutr. 2015 Jan;10(1):444. doi: 10.1007/s12263-014-0444-0. Epub 2014 Dec 13. PMID: 25502219; PMCID: PMC4265218.
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Genes Nutr. 2015 Jan;10(1):444. doi: 10.1007/s12263-014-0444-0. Epub 2014 Dec 13.

γ-Glutamyl hydrolase modulation significantly influences global and gene-specific DNA methylation and gene expression in human colon and breast cancer cells.

Genes & nutrition

Sung-Eun Kim, Toshinori Hinoue, Michael S Kim, Kyoung-Jin Sohn, Robert C Cho, Peter D Cole, Daniel J Weisenberger, Peter W Laird, Young-In Kim

Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada, [email protected].

PMID: 25502219 PMCID: PMC4265218 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-014-0444-0

Abstract

γ-Glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) plays an important role in folate homeostasis by catalyzing hydrolysis of polyglutamylated folate into monoglutamates. Polyglutamylated folates are better substrates for several enzymes involved in the generation of S-adenosylmethionine, the primary methyl group donor, and hence, GGH modulation may affect DNA methylation. DNA methylation is an important epigenetic determinant in gene expression, in the maintenance of DNA integrity and stability, and in chromatin modifications, and aberrant or dysregulation of DNA methylation has been mechanistically linked to the development of human diseases including cancer. Using a recently developed in vitro model of GGH modulation in HCT116 colon and MDA-MB-435 breast cancer cells, we investigated whether GGH modulation would affect global and gene-specific DNA methylation and whether these alterations were associated with significant gene expression changes. In both cell lines, GGH overexpression decreased global DNA methylation and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) activity, while GGH inhibition increased global DNA methylation and DNMT activity. Epigenomic and gene expression analyses revealed that GGH modulation influenced CpG promoter DNA methylation and gene expression involved in important biological pathways including cell cycle, cellular development, and cellular growth and proliferation. Some of the observed altered gene expression appeared to be regulated by changes in CpG promoter DNA methylation. Our data suggest that the GGH modulation-induced changes in total intracellular folate concentrations and content of long-chain folylpolyglutamates are associated with functionally significant DNA methylation alterations in several important biological pathways.

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