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Clin Transl Immunology. 2013 Aug 09;2(8):e5. doi: 10.1038/cti.2013.5. eCollection 2013 Aug.

The delicate balance of melanoma immunotherapy.

Clinical & translational immunology

David E Gyorki, Margaret Callahan, Jedd D Wolchok, Charlotte E Ariyan

Affiliations

  1. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, USA.
  2. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, USA ; Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, USA.
  3. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, USA ; Ludwig Center, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, USA ; Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, NY, USA.
  4. Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY, USA ; Weill Cornell Medical College , New York, NY, USA.

PMID: 25505953 PMCID: PMC4232053 DOI: 10.1038/cti.2013.5

Abstract

The strategy of immune modulation for the treatment of cancer is being refined with the introduction of multiple new therapeutic agents into the clinic. Melanoma is a disease where many of these agents have demonstrated efficacy. The mechanisms of action of these agents exploit the counter-regulatory mechanisms of the immune response. However, these agents are also associated with immune-related adverse events (IRAEs), which represent tissue-specific inflammatory responses. These IRAEs highlight the delicate balance of immunologic homeostasis and, with some interventions, may occur more frequently in patients who sustain a therapeutic response. This review will discuss melanoma immunogenicity and immunotherapy. Furthermore, the spectrum and distinction between a reversible immune adverse event and autoimmunity will be highlighted.

Keywords: checkpoint blockade; immunity; immunotherapy; melanoma; tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

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