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Bernhard JM, Kormas K, Pachiadaki MG, et al. Benthic protists and fungi of Mediterranean deep hypsersaline anoxic basin redoxcline sediments. Front Microbiol. 2014;5:605doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00605.
Bernhard, J. M., Kormas, K., Pachiadaki, M. G., Rocke, E., Beaudoin, D. J., Morrison, C., Visscher, P. T., Cobban, A., Starczak, V. R., & Edgcomb, V. P. (2014). Benthic protists and fungi of Mediterranean deep hypsersaline anoxic basin redoxcline sediments. Frontiers in microbiology, 5605. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00605
Bernhard, Joan M, et al. "Benthic protists and fungi of Mediterranean deep hypsersaline anoxic basin redoxcline sediments." Frontiers in microbiology vol. 5 (2014): 605. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2014.00605
Bernhard JM, Kormas K, Pachiadaki MG, Rocke E, Beaudoin DJ, Morrison C, Visscher PT, Cobban A, Starczak VR, Edgcomb VP. Benthic protists and fungi of Mediterranean deep hypsersaline anoxic basin redoxcline sediments. Front Microbiol. 2014 Nov 12;5:605. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00605. eCollection 2014. PMID: 25452749; PMCID: PMC4233946.
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Front Microbiol. 2014 Nov 12;5:605. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00605. eCollection 2014.

Benthic protists and fungi of Mediterranean deep hypsersaline anoxic basin redoxcline sediments.

Frontiers in microbiology

Joan M Bernhard, Konstantinos Kormas, Maria G Pachiadaki, Emma Rocke, David J Beaudoin, Colin Morrison, Pieter T Visscher, Alec Cobban, Victoria R Starczak, Virginia P Edgcomb

Affiliations

  1. Geology and Geophysics Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole, MA, USA.
  2. Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly Volos, Greece.
  3. Division of Life Sciences, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Kowloon, Hong Kong.
  4. Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole, MA, USA.
  5. Biology Department, University of Nevada Reno Reno, NV, USA.
  6. Department of Marine Sciences, University of Connecticut Groton, CT, USA.

PMID: 25452749 PMCID: PMC4233946 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00605

Abstract

Some of the most extreme marine habitats known are the Mediterranean deep hypersaline anoxic basins (DHABs; water depth ∼3500 m). Brines of DHABs are nearly saturated with salt, leading many to suspect they are uninhabitable for eukaryotes. While diverse bacterial and protistan communities are reported from some DHAB water-column haloclines and brines, the existence and activity of benthic DHAB protists have rarely been explored. Here, we report findings regarding protists and fungi recovered from sediments of three DHAB (Discovery, Urania, L' Atalante) haloclines, and compare these to communities from sediments underlying normoxic waters of typical Mediterranean salinity. Halocline sediments, where the redoxcline impinges the seafloor, were studied from all three DHABs. Microscopic cell counts suggested that halocline sediments supported denser protist populations than those in adjacent control sediments. Pyrosequencing analysis based on ribosomal RNA detected eukaryotic ribotypes in the halocline sediments from each of the three DHABs, most of which were fungi. Sequences affiliated with Ustilaginomycotina Basidiomycota were the most abundant eukaryotic signatures detected. Benthic communities in these DHABs appeared to differ, as expected, due to differing brine chemistries. Microscopy indicated that only a low proportion of protists appeared to bear associated putative symbionts. In a considerable number of cases, when prokaryotes were associated with a protist, DAPI staining did not reveal presence of any nuclei, suggesting that at least some protists were carcasses inhabited by prokaryotic scavengers.

Keywords: DHABs; L’ Atalante; Urania; discovery; diversity; eukaryote; rRNA

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